Whalley L J, Bradnock J
Department of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, UK.
Br Med Bull. 1990 Jan;46(1):169-80. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a072384.
Treatment of dementia or confusion relies substantially upon accurate diagnosis. Common causes of acute confusion are described and a summary provided of their usual treatments. The coexistence of dementia and depressive illness is considered and the clinical distinction between depression and depressive 'pseudo-dementia' is made. The classical manifestations of dementia and confusion (agitation, depression, and sleep disturbance) are discussed. Clinical guidelines are set out for the administration of neuroleptics, antidepressants or hypnotics in the care of the demented or confused patient.
痴呆或意识模糊的治疗很大程度上依赖于准确的诊断。本文描述了急性意识模糊的常见病因，并总结了其常用治疗方法。文中考虑了痴呆与抑郁性疾病的共存情况，并对抑郁症和抑郁性“假性痴呆”进行了临床鉴别。还讨论了痴呆和意识模糊的典型表现（激动、抑郁和睡眠障碍）。制定了在护理痴呆或意识模糊患者时使用抗精神病药、抗抑郁药或催眠药的临床指南。
