Bienert Gerd P, Chaumont François
Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany.
Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 4-L7.07.14, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 May;1840(5):1596-604. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.09.017. Epub 2013 Sep 20.
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important signaling compound that has recently been identified as a new substrate for several members of the aquaporin superfamily in various organisms. Evidence is emerging about the physiological significance of aquaporin-facilitated H2O2 diffusion.
This review summarizes current knowledge about aquaporin-facilitated H2O2 diffusion across cellular membranes. It focuses on physicochemical and experimental evidence demonstrating the involvement of aquaporins in the transport of this redox signaling compound and discusses the regulation and structural prerequisites of these channels to transmit this signal. It also provides perspectives about the potential importance of aquaporin-facilitated H2O2 diffusion processes and places this knowledge in the context of the current understanding of transmembrane redox signaling processes.
Specific aquaporin isoforms facilitate the passive diffusion of H2O2 across biological membranes and control H2O2 membrane permeability and signaling in living organisms.
Redox signaling is a very important process regulating the physiology of cells and organisms in a similar way to the well-characterized hormonal and calcium signaling pathways. Efficient transmembrane diffusion of H2O2, a key molecule in the redox signaling network, requires aquaporins and makes these channels important players in this signaling process. Channel-mediated membrane transport allows the fine adjustment of H2O2 levels in the cytoplasm, intracellular organelles, the apoplast, and the extracellular space, which are essential for it to function as a signal molecule. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Aquaporins.
过氧化氢（H₂O₂）是一种重要的信号化合物，最近已被确定为多种生物体中 aquaporin 超家族多个成员的新底物。关于 aquaporin 促进 H₂O₂扩散的生理意义的证据正在不断涌现。
本综述总结了目前关于 aquaporin 促进 H₂O₂跨细胞膜扩散的知识。它重点关注了证明 aquaporin 参与这种氧化还原信号化合物运输的物理化学和实验证据，并讨论了这些通道传递该信号的调节和结构前提条件。它还提供了关于 aquaporin 促进 H₂O₂扩散过程潜在重要性的观点，并将这些知识置于当前对跨膜氧化还原信号过程理解的背景下。
特定的 aquaporin 亚型促进 H₂O₂在生物膜上的被动扩散，并控制生物体中 H₂O₂的膜通透性和信号传导。
氧化还原信号传导是一个非常重要的过程，它以与特征明确的激素和钙信号通路类似的方式调节细胞和生物体的生理功能。H₂O₂作为氧化还原信号网络中的关键分子，其在跨膜的有效扩散需要 aquaporin，这使得这些通道成为该信号传导过程中的重要参与者。通道介导的膜运输能够精细调节细胞质、细胞内细胞器、质外体和细胞外空间中的 H₂O₂水平，而这对于其作为信号分子发挥功能至关重要。本文是名为《水通道蛋白》的特刊的一部分。
