Leblanc G G, Epstein M L, Bronner-Fraser M E
Developmental Biology Center, University of California, Irvine 92717.
Dev Biol. 1990 Feb;137(2):318-30. doi: 10.1016/0012-1606(90)90257-j.
Several studies have suggested that the development of cholinergic properties in cranial parasympathetic neurons is determined by these cells' axial level of origin in the neural crest. All cranial parasympathetic neurons normally derive from cranial neural crest. Trunk neural crest cells give rise to sympathetic neurons, most of which are noradrenergic. To determine if there is an intrinsic difference in the ability of cranial and trunk neural crest cells to form cholinergic neurons, we have compared the development of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-immunoreactive cells in explants of quail cranial and trunk neural crest in vitro. Both cranial and trunk neural crest explants gave rise to ChAT-immunoreactive cells in vitro. In both types of cultures, some of the ChAT-positive cells also expressed immunoreactivity for the catecholamine synthetic enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase. However, several differences were seen between cranial and trunk cultures. First, ChAT-immunoreactive cells appeared two days earlier in cranial than in trunk cultures. Second, cranial cultures contained a higher proportion of ChAT-immunoreactive cells. Finally, a subpopulation of the ChAT-immunoreactive cells in cranial cultures exhibited neuronal traits, including neurofilament immunoreactivity. In contrast, neurofilament-immunoreactive cells were not seen in trunk cultures. These results suggest that premigratory cranial and trunk neural crest cells differ in their ability to form cholinergic neurons.
多项研究表明，颅部副交感神经元胆碱能特性的发育取决于这些细胞在神经嵴中的起源轴向水平。所有颅部副交感神经元通常都源自颅神经嵴。躯干部神经嵴细胞产生交感神经元，其中大多数是去甲肾上腺素能的。为了确定颅部和躯干部神经嵴细胞形成胆碱能神经元的能力是否存在内在差异，我们在体外比较了鹌鹑颅部和躯干部神经嵴外植体中胆碱乙酰转移酶（ChAT）免疫反应性细胞的发育情况。颅部和躯干部神经嵴外植体在体外均产生了ChAT免疫反应性细胞。在这两种培养类型中，一些ChAT阳性细胞也表达了儿茶酚胺合成酶酪氨酸羟化酶的免疫反应性。然而，在颅部和躯干部培养物之间观察到了一些差异。首先，ChAT免疫反应性细胞在颅部培养物中比在躯干部培养物中提前两天出现。其次，颅部培养物中ChAT免疫反应性细胞的比例更高。最后，颅部培养物中ChAT免疫反应性细胞的一个亚群表现出神经元特征，包括神经丝免疫反应性。相比之下，在躯干部培养物中未见到神经丝免疫反应性细胞。这些结果表明，迁移前的颅部和躯干部神经嵴细胞在形成胆碱能神经元的能力上存在差异。
