Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632 002, Tamil Nadu, South India,
Indian J Pediatr. 2013 Nov;80 Suppl 2:S155-9. doi: 10.1007/s12098-013-1207-4. Epub 2013 Sep 24.
Anxiety Disorders (AD) have been known to have high prevalence of intra-AD and extra-AD co-morbidities. This study documents the prevalence and profile of intra and extra-AD co-morbidities, the effect of the presence and number of co-morbidities on the severity of anxiety symptoms and the influence of age as well as gender on the co-morbidity.
In a prospective community survey of 500 adolescents, independent raters administered the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) and Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children/Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) to collect the required data. Descriptive statistics, independent t tests, one-way ANOVA and Chi-square tests were done to evaluate the prevalence and profile of co-morbidity presentation, compare the effect of co-morbidity on severity of anxiety symptoms as well as analyse the influence of age groups and gender on intra-AD co-morbidities.
Among those with AD, 14.2% had a DSM-IV-TR intra-AD co-morbidity and 70% had SCARED based intra-AD co-morbidity. Adolescents with Separation Anxiety Disorder and Generalised Anxiety Disorder had the highest SCARED and DSM-IV-TR prevalence of intra-AD co-morbidity respectively. Also, 23.7% had overlapping extra-AD co-morbidity. Presence and number of intra-AD co-morbidity was significantly associated with severity of total anxiety score and subscale scores (all with P = 0.001). Age and gender of adolescents were not related to the co-morbidity.
Intra and extra-AD co-morbidities are quite prevalent among adolescents with Anxiety Disorders in India. As such, co-morbidities increase the severity of anxiety symptoms, they should be identified and appropriate management should be established.
焦虑障碍（AD）的共病发生率很高，包括 AD 内和 AD 外共病。本研究记录了 AD 内和 AD 外共病的患病率和特征，共病的存在和数量对焦虑症状严重程度的影响，以及年龄和性别对共病的影响。
在一项对 500 名青少年的前瞻性社区调查中，独立评估者使用儿童焦虑相关情绪障碍筛查量表（SCARED）和儿童青少年心境障碍和精神分裂症现况和终身版（K-SADS-PL）进行评估，以收集所需数据。使用描述性统计、独立 t 检验、单因素方差分析和卡方检验来评估共病表现的患病率和特征，比较共病对焦虑症状严重程度的影响，以及分析年龄组和性别对 AD 内共病的影响。
在患有 AD 的人群中，14.2%有 DSM-IV-TR 内 AD 共病，70%有 SCARED 内 AD 共病。患有分离性焦虑障碍和广泛性焦虑障碍的青少年分别具有最高的 SCARED 和 DSM-IV-TR 内 AD 共病发生率。此外，23.7%有重叠的 AD 外共病。内 AD 共病的存在和数量与总焦虑评分和子量表评分的严重程度显著相关（均 P = 0.001）。青少年的年龄和性别与共病无关。
在印度，患有焦虑障碍的青少年中，AD 内和 AD 外共病相当普遍。因此，共病会增加焦虑症状的严重程度，应该加以识别，并建立适当的管理。
