Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, University of Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebrón, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Igualada General Hospital, Avinguda Catalunya, 11, 08700 Igualada, Spain.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2014 Mar;45(1):81-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2013.09.002. Epub 2013 Sep 11.
Social skills training (SST) intervention has shown its efficacy to improve social dysfunction in patients with psychosis; however the implementation of new skills into patients' everyday functioning is difficult to achieve. In this study, we report results from the application of a virtual reality (VR) integrated program as an adjunct technique to a brief social skills intervention for patients with schizophrenia. It was predicted that the intervention would improve social cognition and performance of patients as well as generalisation of the learned responses into patient's daily life.
Twelve patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder completed the study. They attended sixteen individual one-hour sessions, and outcome assessments were conducted at pre-treatment, post-treatment and four-month follow-up.
The results of a series of repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant improvement in negative symptoms, psychopathology, social anxiety and discomfort, avoidance and social functioning. Objective scores obtained through the use of the VR program showed a pattern of learning in emotion perception, assertive behaviours and time spent in a conversation. Most of these gains were maintained at four-month follow-up.
The reported results are based on a small, uncontrolled pilot study. Although there was an independent rater for the self-reported and informant questionnaires, assessments were not blinded.
The results showed that the intervention may be effective for improving social dysfunction. The use of the VR program contributed to the generalisation of new skills into the patient's everyday functioning.
社交技能训练（SST）干预已显示出改善精神病患者社交功能障碍的功效；然而，将新技能融入患者的日常功能中是困难的。在这项研究中，我们报告了将虚拟现实（VR）集成程序作为一项简短社交技能干预的辅助技术应用于精神分裂症患者的结果。预计该干预将改善患者的社交认知和表现，并将所学反应推广到患者的日常生活中。
12 名精神分裂症或分裂情感障碍患者完成了这项研究。他们参加了十六次个体一小时的治疗，在治疗前、治疗后和四个月的随访中进行了结果评估。
一系列重复测量方差分析的结果显示，阴性症状、心理病理学、社交焦虑和不适、回避和社交功能显著改善。通过使用 VR 程序获得的客观分数显示出在情绪感知、自信行为和对话时间方面的学习模式。这些收益中的大部分在四个月的随访中得到了维持。
报告的结果基于一项小型、非对照的试点研究。虽然自我报告和知情者问卷有独立的评分者，但评估没有设盲。
结果表明，该干预可能对改善社交功能障碍有效。VR 程序的使用有助于将新技能推广到患者的日常功能中。
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