Wang Shu-Guang, Li Zhong-Qing, Jia Shou-Shan, Sun Dai-Zhen, Shi Yu-Gang, Fan Hua, Liang Zeng-Hao, Jing Rui-Lian
College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2013 Jun;24(6):1609-14.
Taking the DH population of wheat cultivar Hanxuan10/Lumai14 as test object, and by the methods of correlation analysis and path analysis, this paper studied the relationships of the flag leaf stomatal density (SD), stomatal length and width (SL and SW), stomatal conductance (g(s)), photosynthetic rate (P(n)), and transpiration rate (T(r)) on the 10th and 20th day after anthesis with the yield and the index of drought-resistance under the conditions of drought stress and normal irrigation. Under the two conditions, most of the test leaf traits on the 10th day after anthesis had less correlation with the yield and the index of drought-resistance, whereas the leaf traits on the 20th day after anthesis had significant positive correlations with thousand kernel weight but less correlation with grain number per ear, grain yield per plant, and index of drought-resistance. Path analysis showed that g(s), P(n), and T(r) were the main factors affecting the grain yield per plant (YPP) and the index of drought resistance (IDR), and the effects were stronger both in direct and in indirect ways. The direct and indirect effects of SD, SL, and SW on the YPP and IDR were lesser. Under both drought stress and normal irrigation, and on the 10th and 20th day after anthesis, there were significant correlations between SD and SL, and between SL and SW, g(s), P(n), and Tr, but the correlations of SD and SL with g(s), P(n), and T(r) changed with water condition or growth stage. Therefore, it would be not always a good means to select the leaf stomatal density and size as the targets for breeding to improve the leaf stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, and transpiration rate, and further, to promote the yield.
以小麦品种邯选 10/鲁麦 14 的双单倍体（DH）群体为试验对象，采用相关性分析和通径分析方法，研究了花后 10 天和 20 天旗叶气孔密度（SD）、气孔长度和宽度（SL 和 SW）、气孔导度（g(s)）、光合速率（P(n)）和蒸腾速率（T(r)）在干旱胁迫和正常灌溉条件下与产量及抗旱性指标的关系。在两种条件下，花后 10 天的多数测定叶片性状与产量及抗旱性指标相关性较小，而花后 20 天的叶片性状与千粒重呈显著正相关，与穗粒数、单株籽粒产量和抗旱性指标相关性较小。通径分析表明，g(s)、P(n)和 T(r)是影响单株籽粒产量（YPP）和抗旱性指标（IDR）的主要因素，直接和间接效应均较强。SD、SL 和 SW 对 YPP 和 IDR 的直接和间接效应较小。在干旱胁迫和正常灌溉条件下，花后 10 天和 20 天，SD 与 SL 之间，以及 SL 与 SW、g(s)、P(n)和 Tr 之间均存在显著相关性，但 SD 和 SL 与 g(s)、P(n)和 T(r)的相关性随水分条件或生育时期而变化。因此，选择叶片气孔密度和大小作为育种目标来提高叶片气孔导度、光合速率和蒸腾速率，进而提高产量，并非总是一种好方法。
