Zuck T F
Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati, OH 45267-0055.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1990 Mar;114(3):309-15.
The emergence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has wrought changes that have affected not only medicine and science, but many aspects of our social and political structures. In 1983 when it clearly became evident that acquired immunodeficiency syndrome could be transmitted by transfusions of blood components and products, blood banks became the focus of intense scrutiny by the public as well as by the mass media. Suddenly it was known that people could contract acquired immunodeficiency syndrome even though they had not engaged in activities known to place them at increased risk for acquiring infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1. In many ways the general fear evoked was, and remains, disproportionate to the risks posed by transfusions. This fear coupled with a general distrust of blood banks may also be reflected in the legal response to people infected with human immunodeficiency syndrome type 1 through transfusions. Further, whether the fault system of our tort law is an appropriate way to determine compensation for people injured by transfusion has been brought into question. For those people injured prior to our recognition of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, the failings of the current system are most obvious.
获得性免疫缺陷综合征的出现带来了诸多变化，这些变化不仅影响了医学和科学领域，还波及到我们社会和政治结构的许多方面。1983年，当有一点变得清晰无疑，即获得性免疫缺陷综合征可通过输血成分和制品传播时，血库便成为公众以及大众媒体密切审视的焦点。突然间人们知道，即便未曾参与已知会增加感染1型人类免疫缺陷病毒风险的活动，人们也可能感染获得性免疫缺陷综合征。在很多方面，当时引发并一直存在的普遍恐惧与输血所带来的风险并不相称。这种恐惧，再加上对血库的普遍不信任，也可能反映在针对因输血感染1型人类免疫缺陷病毒的人群的法律回应中。此外，我们侵权法的过错制度是否是确定输血致伤者赔偿的恰当方式也受到了质疑。对于那些在我们认识到获得性免疫缺陷综合征之前就已受伤的人而言，现行制度的缺陷最为明显。
