Department of Urology, University of Southern California Institute of Urology, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, NOR 7416, Los Angeles, CA, 90033-9178, USA,
Adv Ther. 2013 Sep;30(9):819-33. doi: 10.1007/s12325-013-0054-z. Epub 2013 Sep 27.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of onabotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) in subpopulations of etiology (multiple sclerosis [MS] or spinal cord injury [SCI]) and concomitant anticholinergics (use/non-use).
Data were pooled from two double-blind, placebo-controlled, pivotal, phase 3 studies including a total of 691 patients with ≥ 14 urinary incontinence (UI) episodes/week due to MS (n = 381) or SCI (n = 310). Patients received intradetrusor injections of onabotulinumtoxinA 200U (n = 227), 300U (n = 223), or placebo (n = 241). Change from baseline at week 6 in UI episodes/week (primary endpoint), urodynamics, quality of life (QOL), and adverse events (AEs) were assessed.
Significant and similar reductions in UI episodes were observed regardless of etiology or anticholinergic use: at week 6, mean weekly decreases of -22.6 and -19.6 were seen in MS and SCI patients, respectively, and -20.3 and -22.5 in anticholinergic users and non-users, respectively, treated with onabotulinumtoxinA 200U. The 300U dose did not add to the clinical efficacy in any subpopulation. Similar proportions of patients achieved ≥ 50% or 100% reductions in UI episodes in all subgroups. Improvements in maximum cystometric capacity, maximum detrusor pressure during first involuntary detrusor contraction, and QOL were significant in both etiologies and were independent of anticholinergic use. The most common AEs in all groups were urinary tract infection and urinary retention.
Regardless of concomitant anticholinergic use or etiology, onabotulinumtoxinA significantly improved UI symptoms, urodynamics, and QOL in patients with UI due to NDO. OnabotulinumtoxinA was well tolerated in all groups.
评估肉毒毒素 A (OnabotulinumtoxinA)在多发性硬化症(MS)或脊髓损伤(SCI)相关病因亚组患者中治疗神经源性逼尿肌过度活动(NDO)的疗效和安全性,以及合并使用抗胆碱能药物(使用/未使用)的情况。
数据来自两项双盲、安慰剂对照、关键性、3 期研究的汇总分析,共纳入 691 例每周至少有 14 次尿失禁(UI)发作的患者,其中 MS 患者 381 例,SCI 患者 310 例。患者接受膀胱内注射 200U(n=227)、300U(n=223)或安慰剂(n=241)。主要终点为治疗 6 周时每周 UI 发作次数的变化,次要终点包括尿动力学、生活质量(QOL)和不良事件(AE)。
无论病因或抗胆碱能药物使用情况如何,UI 发作的减少均具有显著且相似的疗效:在 MS 和 SCI 患者中,分别观察到治疗 200U OnabotulinumtoxinA 后第 6 周每周 UI 发作次数分别减少了 22.6 和 19.6 次,而抗胆碱能药物使用者和非使用者的每周 UI 发作次数分别减少了 20.3 和 22.5 次。在任何亚组中,300U 剂量并未增加临床疗效。所有亚组中,均有相似比例的患者实现了 UI 发作减少≥50%或 100%。在两种病因中,最大膀胱容量、首次不随意逼尿肌收缩时的最大逼尿肌压力和 QOL 的改善均具有显著意义,且与抗胆碱能药物的使用无关。所有组中最常见的 AE 为尿路感染和尿潴留。
无论合并使用抗胆碱能药物与否,无论病因如何,OnabotulinumtoxinA 均显著改善了 NDO 导致的 UI 症状、尿动力学和 QOL。在所有组中,OnabotulinumtoxinA 均具有良好的耐受性。