Champion Sports Medicine, A Physiotherapy Associates Clinic, Birmingham, AL, USA; Tampa Bay Rays Baseball Team, Tampa Bay, FL, USA; American Sports Medicine Institute, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Clin Sports Med. 2013 Oct;32(4):865-914. doi: 10.1016/j.csm.2013.07.017.
The glenohumeral joint is an inherently unstable joint that relies on the interaction of the dynamic and static stabilizers to maintain stability. Disruption of this interplay or poor development of any of these factors may result in instability, pain, and a loss of function. Rehabilitation will vary based on the type of instability present and the key principles described. Whether a course of nonoperative rehabilitation is followed or the patient presents postoperatively, a comprehensive program designed to establish full ROM and balance capsular mobility, in addition to maximizing muscular strength, endurance, proprioception, dynamic stability, and neuromuscular control is essential. A functional approach to rehabilitation using movement patterns and sport-specific positions along with an interval sport program will allow a gradual return to athletics. The focus of the program should minimize the risk of recurrence and ensure that the patient can safely return to functional activities.
盂肱关节是一种固有不稳定的关节，依赖于动态和静态稳定器的相互作用来维持稳定性。这种相互作用的破坏或任何这些因素的发育不良都可能导致不稳定、疼痛和功能丧失。康复将根据存在的不稳定类型和描述的关键原则而有所不同。无论是否遵循非手术康复疗程，或者患者是否接受手术后，都需要设计一个全面的方案，以建立完整的 ROM 和平衡囊袋活动度，除了最大限度地提高肌肉力量、耐力、本体感觉、动态稳定性和神经肌肉控制能力。使用运动模式和特定于运动的姿势以及间歇运动方案进行康复的功能方法将允许逐渐恢复运动。该方案的重点应尽量降低复发的风险，并确保患者能够安全地恢复到正常功能活动。
