Tanabe Mark K, Whitaker Ashley M, O'Callaghan Erin T, Murray Joan, Houskamp Beth M
a California School of Professional Psychology , Alliant International University-Los Angeles , Alhambra , California.
Appl Neuropsychol Child. 2014;3(4):275-83. doi: 10.1080/21622965.2012.757700. Epub 2013 Oct 1.
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between intelligence and executive functioning in youth. More specifically, the authors hypothesized that there would be a positive correlation between scores on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition General Ability Index (GAI) and understanding of sorting principles as measured by percent conceptual-level responses on the Wisconsin Card-Sorting Test (WCST). One hundred eighty-five children and adolescents completed neuropsychological evaluations. Results revealed a curvilinear regression with bright youth (GAI = 115-129) and gifted youth (GAI ≥130) performing better than average youth (GAI = 90-114) and no difference in performance between bright and gifted youth. Additionally, post-hoc analyses revealed intelligence in children 5 to 8 years of age and 12 to 16 years of age did not significantly predict percent conceptual-level responses, while intelligence predicted more than 19% of the variance in percent conceptual-level responses for children ages 9 to 11 years old. Findings revealed new evidence about the role of intellectual ability in executive functioning among different age ranges and have important implications for psychologists, caregivers, educators, and other professionals working with this population.
本研究的目的是探讨青少年智力与执行功能之间的关系。更具体地说，作者假设韦氏儿童智力量表第四版一般能力指数（GAI）得分与威斯康星卡片分类测验（WCST）中概念水平反应百分比所衡量的分类原则理解之间存在正相关。185名儿童和青少年完成了神经心理学评估。结果显示出一种曲线回归，聪明的青少年（GAI = 115 - 129）和有天赋的青少年（GAI≥130）比普通青少年（GAI = 90 - 114）表现更好，且聪明青少年和有天赋青少年之间的表现没有差异。此外，事后分析显示，5至8岁和12至16岁儿童的智力并不能显著预测概念水平反应百分比，而智力能预测9至11岁儿童概念水平反应百分比中超过19%的方差。研究结果揭示了关于不同年龄范围内智力能力在执行功能中作用的新证据，对与这一群体打交道的心理学家、照顾者、教育工作者和其他专业人员具有重要意义。
