McCutcheon Tonna
About the author: Tonna McCutcheon, MSN, APRN-BC, CGRN, is Colorectal Acute Care Nurse Practitioner, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
Gastroenterol Nurs. 2013 Sep-Oct;36(5):368-75; quiz 376-7. doi: 10.1097/SGA.0b013e3182a71fdf.
Colorectal surgery is a necessity for many disease processes such as diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease, and colorectal cancers as well as for the many complications of such conditions. The incidence of overall complications related to colorectal surgery has been reported to be between 10% and 30%. Prevention is the necessary key to avoid complications and this may be improved by adequate selection of appropriate procedures for the patient, good surgical technique, and good postoperative care. Nevertheless, complications do occur intraoperatively or postoperatively and must be managed in a timely manner to improve overall patient outcomes. Such complications include paralytic ileus, anastomotic leak, abdominal sepsis, acute mesenteric ischemia, anastomotic bleeding and hemorrhage, wound infection, anastomotic dehiscence and fistula formation, small bowel obstruction, and genitourinary complications.
结直肠手术对于许多疾病进程来说是必要的，比如憩室炎、溃疡性结肠炎、克罗恩病和结直肠癌，以及这些病症的许多并发症。据报道，与结直肠手术相关的总体并发症发生率在10%至30%之间。预防是避免并发症的关键，通过为患者适当选择合适的手术程序、良好的手术技术和良好的术后护理，这一点可以得到改善。然而，并发症确实会在术中或术后发生，必须及时处理以改善患者的总体预后。这些并发症包括麻痹性肠梗阻、吻合口漏、腹腔感染、急性肠系膜缺血、吻合口出血和大出血、伤口感染、吻合口裂开和瘘管形成、小肠梗阻以及泌尿生殖系统并发症。
