Oršolić Nada
Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2013 Sep;64(3):445-61. doi: 10.2478/10004-1254-64-2013-2332.
Royal jelly is a viscous substance secreted by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of worker honeybees (Apis mellifera) that contains a considerable amount of proteins, free amino acids, lipids, vitamins, sugars, and bioactive substances such as 10-hydroxy-trans-2-decenoic acid, antibacterial protein, and 350-kDa protein. These properties make it an attractive ingredient in various types of healthy foods. This article brings a brief review of the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of certain disorders that can be remedied by royal jelly, based on a selection of in vivo and in vitro studies. It also describes current understanding of the mechanisms and beneficial effects by which royal jelly helps to combat aging-related complications. Royal jelly has been reported to exhibit beneficial physiological and pharmacological effects in mammals, including vasodilative and hypotensive activities, antihypercholesterolemic activity, and antitumor activity. As its composition varies significantly (for both fresh and dehydrated samples), the article brings a few recommendations for defining new quality standards.
蜂王浆是工蜂（西方蜜蜂）下咽腺和下颌腺分泌的一种粘性物质，含有大量蛋白质、游离氨基酸、脂质、维生素、糖类以及生物活性物质，如10-羟基反式-2-癸烯酸、抗菌蛋白和350 kDa蛋白。这些特性使其成为各类健康食品中颇具吸引力的成分。本文基于一系列体内和体外研究，简要综述了某些可通过蜂王浆治愈的疾病发生发展过程中涉及的分子机制。还阐述了目前对蜂王浆对抗衰老相关并发症的机制及有益作用的理解。据报道，蜂王浆在哺乳动物中具有有益的生理和药理作用，包括血管舒张和降压活性、抗高胆固醇血症活性以及抗肿瘤活性。由于其成分差异显著（新鲜和脱水样品均如此），本文提出了一些定义新质量标准的建议。
