Maughan-Brown Brendan, Nyblade Laura
Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit (SALDRU), University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7701, South Africa,
AIDS Behav. 2014 May;18(5):958-65. doi: 10.1007/s10461-013-0636-4.
Although HIV-related stigma in general is known to deter HIV-testing, the extent to which different dimensions of stigma independently influence testing behaviour is poorly understood. We used data on young black men (n = 553) and women (n = 674) from the 2009 Cape Area Panel Study to examine the independent effects of stigmatising attitudes, perceived stigma and observed enacted stigma on HIV-testing. Multivariate logistic regression models showed that stigma had a strong relationship with HIV-testing among women, but not men. Women who held stigmatising attitudes were more likely to have been tested (OR 3, p < 0.01), while perceived stigma (OR 0.61, p < 0.1) and observed enacted stigma (OR 0.42, p < 0.01) reduced the odds significantly of women having had an HIV test. Our findings highlight that different dimensions of stigma may have opposite effects on HIV testing, and point towards the need for interventions that limit the impact of enacted and perceived stigma on HIV-testing among women.
尽管人们普遍知道与艾滋病毒相关的污名会阻碍艾滋病毒检测，但对于污名的不同维度对检测行为的独立影响程度却知之甚少。我们使用了2009年开普地区小组研究中关于年轻黑人男性（n = 553）和女性（n = 674）的数据，来研究污名化态度、感知到的污名以及观察到的实际污名对艾滋病毒检测的独立影响。多变量逻辑回归模型显示，污名与女性的艾滋病毒检测有很强的关系，但与男性无关。持有污名化态度的女性更有可能接受检测（比值比为3，p < 0.01），而感知到的污名（比值比为0.61，p < 0.1）和观察到的实际污名（比值比为0.42，p < 0.01）显著降低了女性进行艾滋病毒检测的几率。我们的研究结果突出表明，污名的不同维度可能对艾滋病毒检测产生相反的影响，并指出需要采取干预措施，以限制实际污名和感知到的污名对女性艾滋病毒检测的影响。
