Jiang Chun-Lei, Liu Lei, Tasker Jeffrey G
Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China; Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
Front Neuroendocrinol. 2014 Jan;35(1):72-5. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2013.09.005. Epub 2013 Oct 5.
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are a class of steroid hormones that have been known to be involved in various physiological processes and to play a pivotal role in preserving basal and stress-related homeostasis. GCs are also widely used clinically as anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, anti-shock drugs. It is believed traditionally that GCs exert most of their effects genomically. In addition to the well-known classical genomic mechanisms, GCs also affect various functions via rapid, nongenomic mechanisms. The therapeutic benefits of nongenomic GC actions have been exploited in clinical medicine, especially with high-dose pulsed glucocorticoid administration. However, it is certainly not the case that the inherent nongenomic glucocorticoid mechanisms evolved only for their clinical utility. Here, we review the recent literature on nongenomic actions of GCs related to stress and the physiological significance of these actions, and we propose reasons why nongenomic mechanisms of GC actions are needed.
糖皮质激素（GCs）是一类类固醇激素，已知其参与多种生理过程，并在维持基础稳态和应激相关稳态中起关键作用。GCs在临床上还广泛用作抗炎、免疫抑制和抗休克药物。传统观点认为，GCs的大部分作用是通过基因组机制发挥的。除了众所周知的经典基因组机制外，GCs还通过快速的非基因组机制影响各种功能。非基因组GC作用的治疗益处已在临床医学中得到应用，尤其是大剂量脉冲式糖皮质激素给药。然而，非基因组糖皮质激素机制的进化肯定不仅仅是为了其临床应用。在这里，我们综述了近期关于GCs与应激相关的非基因组作用及其这些作用的生理意义的文献，并提出了需要GC作用的非基因组机制的原因。
