Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, LABTOX, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, Florianopolis, SC, CEP 88040-970, Brazil; Department of Chemistry, University of Quebec in Montreal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3P8, Canada.
Aquat Toxicol. 2013 Oct 15;142-143:431-40. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.09.015. Epub 2013 Sep 23.
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NP) are frequently employed for their antimicrobial properties in antifouling paints. Their extensive use can contaminate aquatic ecosystems. However, the toxicological effects of this NP in the environment are poorly known. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity and oxidative stress induced by CuO NP on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using several toxicological assays. CuO NP was found to induce growth inhibition and a significant decrease in carotenoids levels. From data on cells density after 72 h of CuO NP exposure in light, the EC50 value was calculated to be 150.45±1.17 mg L(-1) and the NOEC≤100 mg L(-1). Evaluation of esterase activity demonstrates a decrease in cell metabolism activity with the increase of CuO NP concentration. The CuO NP induced an increase of reactive species level (190±0.45% at 1000 mg L(-1) after 72 h of exposition, compared to control) and lipid peroxidation of cellular membranes (73±2% at 1000 mg L(-1) of CuO NP in 72 h of exposition, compared to control). Investigation of CuO NP uptake showed the presence of NP into C. reinhardtii cells in different sites of the cell and, biomarkers of enzymatic antioxidants showed a change of activity after CuO NP exposition. In conclusion, C. reinhardtii was shown to be sensitive to the presence of CuO NP in their environment and CuO NP treatments induced a toxic response from 0.1 mg L(-1) after 72 h of treatment.
氧化铜纳米颗粒（CuO NP）因其在防污涂料中的抗菌性能而被广泛应用。它们的大量使用可能会污染水生生态系统。然而，这种 NP 在环境中的毒理学效应知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们使用多种毒理学检测方法评估了 CuO NP 对莱茵衣藻的毒性和氧化应激作用。结果发现，CuO NP 可诱导细胞生长抑制和类胡萝卜素水平显著降低。根据暴露于 CuO NP 72 小时后光照下细胞密度的数据，计算出 EC50 值为 150.45±1.17 mg L(-1)，NOEC≤100 mg L(-1)。酯酶活性评估表明，随着 CuO NP 浓度的增加，细胞代谢活性下降。CuO NP 诱导活性氧水平增加（暴露 72 小时后 1000 mg L(-1)时增加 190±0.45%，与对照组相比）和细胞膜脂质过氧化（暴露 72 小时后 1000 mg L(-1)时增加 73±2%，与对照组相比）。CuO NP 摄取的研究表明 NP 存在于 C. reinhardtii 细胞的不同部位，并且抗氧化酶生物标志物的活性在 CuO NP 暴露后发生了变化。总之，C. reinhardtii 对环境中存在的 CuO NP 很敏感，在 72 小时的处理后，CuO NP 处理会引发毒性反应，起始浓度为 0.1 mg L(-1)。
