Franceschini Lidiane, Zago Aline Cristina, Schalch Sérgio Henrique Canello, Garcia Fabiana, Romera Daiane Mompean, da Silva Reinaldo José
Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, BotucatuSP, Brasil.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2013 Jul-Sep;22(3):407-14. doi: 10.1590/S1984-29612013000300015.
This study evaluated the occurrence of parasitic infections in the "pacu" fish Piaractus mesopotamicus and the "patinga" hybrid (P. mesopotamicus x Piaractus brachypomus) in the northwest of São Paulo State, Brazil. Fish from the following three fish farms were evaluated every two months: A, a hatchery and larviculture farm (n = 16 pacu / n = 19 patinga), B, a growout farm (n = 35 patinga) and C, a fee-fishing property (n = 28 pacu / n = 7 patinga). Thirty-five fish from each property were collected from February 2010 to February 2011 and subjected to parasitological analysis. The parasites found were the following: Mymarothecium viatorum, Anacanthorus penilabiatus, Notozothecium janauachensis (Dactylogyridae, Monogenea), Trichodina spp., Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Chilodonella sp. (Protozoa), Myxobolus spp., Henneguya spp. (Myxozoa), Rondonia rondoni, Contracaecum sp. (Nematoda), and Dolops carvalhoi (Crustacea). Of the fish examined, 62.9% from "A" and 100% from "B" and "C" were infested with at least one parasite species. Pacu fish (n = 44) showed a higher susceptibility to Anacanthorus penilabiatus infestations, whereas patinga (n = 61) were more susceptible to Mymarothecium viatorum (p < 0.05). Appropriate fish handling (nutrition, transport and storage), in conjunction with monitoring of water quality, can reduce the stress to which the farmed fish are exposed and is essential for pathogen control.
本研究评估了巴西圣保罗州西北部的“帕库”鱼（美索不达米亚脂鲤）和“帕廷加”杂交鱼（美索不达米亚脂鲤×短盖肥脂鲤）中寄生虫感染的发生情况。每两个月对来自以下三个养鱼场的鱼进行评估：A场，一个孵化场和鱼苗养殖场（16条帕库鱼/19条帕廷加鱼）；B场，一个养成场（35条帕廷加鱼）；C场，一个收费钓鱼场所（28条帕库鱼/7条帕廷加鱼）。从2010年2月至2011年2月，从每个场所收集35条鱼，并进行寄生虫学分析。发现的寄生虫如下：旅行者微孢虫、唇棘单殖吸虫、雅瑙阿琴斯新复殖吸虫（指环虫科，单殖吸虫纲）、车轮虫属、多子小瓜虫、斜管虫属（原生动物）、粘孢子虫属、脑粘体虫属（粘孢子虫纲）、朗多尼亚朗多尼吸虫、对盲囊线虫属（线虫纲）和卡氏鲔虱（甲壳纲）。在检查的鱼中，来自“A”场的62.9%以及来自“B”场和“C”场的100%感染了至少一种寄生虫物种。帕库鱼（44条）对唇棘单殖吸虫感染的易感性较高，而帕廷加鱼（61条）对旅行者微孢虫更易感（p<0.05）。适当的鱼类处理（营养、运输和储存）以及水质监测可以减轻养殖鱼类所面临的压力，这对于病原体控制至关重要。
