Espinosa-Cuervo Gisela, López-Roldán Verónica Miriam, Escobar-Rodríguez David Alvaro, Conde-Embarcadero Margarita, Trejo-León Gerardo, González-Carmona Beatriz
Unidad de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación Región Centro, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Distrito Federal, México, Mexico.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2013 Sep-Oct;51(5):562-73.
to evaluate the effect of a supervised rehabilitation program to improve gait, balance and independence in elderly patients attending a family medicine unit.
we conducted a quasi-experimental study over a period of four weeks in a group of 72 patients older than 65 years.
a supervised program regarding the risk factors for falling, and balance, gait, coordination and oculovestibular system, the modalities to be done two or three times a week in the primary care unit or at home. An analysis of both tests was performed by "up and go," Tinetti scale and the Katz index.
"intention to treat" and "by protocol."
mean age was 72 ± 5 years, 67.8% were female and 81.9% of the patients completed the program. A significant clinical improvement with statistical level were evident for gait and balance (p = 0.001), independence showed only clinical improvement (p = 0.083). The efficacy for periodicity (two or three times/week) and performance place showed same clinical improvement and statistical level for gait and balance (p = 0.001 to 0.003) and independence showed only clinical improvement (p = 0.317 to 0.991).
an integral rehabilitation program improved gait, balance and clinical independence significantly. The supervised program is applicable and can be reproduced at primary care unit or home for geriatric care and preventive actions.
评估一项有监督的康复计划对改善家庭医学科老年患者步态、平衡能力和独立性的效果。
我们对72名65岁以上患者进行了为期四周的准实验研究。
一项关于跌倒风险因素、平衡、步态、协调和眼前庭系统的有监督计划，每周在基层医疗单位或家中进行两到三次。通过“起立行走”测试、Tinetti量表和Katz指数对两项测试进行分析。
“意向性分析”和“按方案分析”。
平均年龄为72±5岁，67.8%为女性，81.9%的患者完成了该计划。步态和平衡能力有显著的临床改善且具有统计学意义（p = 0.001），独立性仅显示出临床改善（p = 0.083）。每周进行次数（每周两到三次）和实施地点对步态和平衡能力显示出相同的临床改善和统计学意义（p = 0.001至0.003），独立性仅显示出临床改善（p = 0.317至0.991）。
一项综合康复计划显著改善了步态、平衡能力和临床独立性。该有监督计划适用于基层医疗单位或家庭的老年护理和预防行动，且可重复实施。
