National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya , Kagoshima, Japan ; Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science , Tokyo, Japan.
J Sports Sci Med. 2013 Sep 1;12(3):467-74. eCollection 2013.
Abdominal bracing is often adopted in fitness and sports conditioning programs. However, there is little information on how muscular activities during the task differ among the muscle groups located in the trunk and from those during other trunk exercises. The present study aimed to quantify muscular activity levels during abdominal bracing with respect to muscle- and exercise-related differences. Ten healthy young adult men performed five static (abdominal bracing, abdominal hollowing, prone, side, and supine plank) and five dynamic (V- sits, curl-ups, sit-ups, and back extensions on the floor and on a bench) exercises. Surface electromyogram (EMG) activities of the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), and erector spinae (ES) muscles were recorded in each of the exercises. The EMG data were normalized to those obtained during maximal voluntary contraction of each muscle (% EMGmax). The % EMGmax value during abdominal bracing was significantly higher in IO (60%) than in the other muscles (RA: 18%, EO: 27%, ES: 19%). The % EMGmax values for RA, EO, and ES were significantly lower in the abdominal bracing than in some of the other exercises such as V-sits and sit-ups for RA and EO and back extensions for ES muscle. However, the % EMGmax value for IO during the abdominal bracing was significantly higher than those in most of the other exercises including dynamic ones such as curl-ups and sit-ups. These results suggest that abdominal bracing is one of the most effective techniques for inducing a higher activation in deep abdominal muscles, such as IO muscle, even compared to dynamic exercises involving trunk flexion/extension movements. Key PointsTrunk muscle activities during abdominal bracing was examined with regard to muscle- and exercise-related differences.Abdominal bracing preferentially activates internal oblique muscles even compared to dynamic exercises involving trunk flexion/extension movements.Abdominal bracing should be included in exercise programs when the goal is to improve spine stability.
腹部支撑在健身和运动训练计划中经常被采用。然而，关于在该任务中位于躯干的不同肌肉群与其他躯干练习的肌肉活动有何不同，相关信息很少。本研究旨在定量分析腹部支撑时的肌肉活动水平，以及与肌肉和运动相关的差异。10 名健康的年轻成年男性进行了 5 项静态（腹部支撑、腹部内收、俯撑、侧撑和仰卧平板支撑）和 5 项动态（V 坐、卷腹、仰卧起坐、地面和板凳上的后伸运动）练习。在每项练习中，记录了腹直肌（RA）、腹外斜肌（EO）、腹内斜肌（IO）和竖脊肌（ES）的表面肌电图（EMG）活动。将 EMG 数据归一化为每个肌肉最大随意收缩时获得的 EMG（% EMGmax）。在 IO 中，腹部支撑时的 % EMGmax 值（60%）明显高于其他肌肉（RA：18%，EO：27%，ES：19%）。与 V 坐和仰卧起坐（RA 和 EO）和后伸运动（ES）等其他一些练习相比，RA、EO 和 ES 在腹部支撑时的 % EMGmax 值显著较低。然而，IO 在腹部支撑时的 % EMGmax 值明显高于大多数其他练习，包括动态练习，如卷腹和仰卧起坐。这些结果表明，与涉及躯干屈伸运动的动态练习相比，腹部支撑是一种能够更有效地激活深层腹部肌肉（如 IO 肌肉）的技术。关键点比较了腹部支撑时的躯干肌肉活动与肌肉和运动相关的差异。与涉及躯干屈伸运动的动态练习相比，腹部支撑更优先激活腹内斜肌。当目标是提高脊柱稳定性时，应将腹部支撑纳入运动计划。
