牛磺酸补充对运动大鼠骨骼肌氨基酸含量变化的影响。
Effect of taurine supplementation on the alterations in amino Acid content in skeletal muscle with exercise in rat.
机构信息
Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences.
出版信息
J Sports Sci Med. 2011 Jun 1;10(2):306-14. eCollection 2011.
Taurine included abundantly in skeletal muscle, particularly in the slow-twitch fibers, enhances exercise performance. However, the exact mechanisms for this effect have been unclear. The present study investigated the influence of taurine supplementation on amino acids profile in skeletal muscles as one of mechanisms in the enhancement of exercise performance induced by taurine. In the rats that received taurine solution, amino acids concentrations were comprehensively quantified in two portions with different fiber compositions in the fast-twitch fiber dominant (FFD) gastrocnemius muscle after 2 weeks, and in the gastrocnemius and additional other FFD muscles, liver, and plasma with exhausted exercise after 3 weeks. In the FFD muscles after 2 weeks, a common phenomenon that decreased concentrations of threonine (-16%), serine (-15-16%), and glycine (-6-16%) were observed, and they are categorized in the pyruvate precursors for hepatic gluconeogenesis rather than biosynthesis, polar, and side-chain structures. The decreases in the three amino acids were significantly emphasized after an additional week of taurine supplementation in the FFD muscles (p values in three amino acids in these tissues were less than 0.001-0.05), but not in the liver and plasma, accompanied with significantly increase of running time to exhaustion (p <0.05). In contrast, the three amino acids (threonine and serine; p < 0.05, glycine; p < 0.01) and alanine (p < 0.01) in the liver were significantly decreased and increased, respectively, following the exhaustive exercise. In conclusion, the taurine-induced reductions of these amino acids in skeletal muscle might be one of the mechanisms which underpin the enhancement of exercise performance by taurine. Key pointsTaurine ingestion significantly decreased certain amino acids in skeletal muscles accompanied with enhanced exercise performance.The decreased amino acids in common were threonine, serine, and glycine, but not alanine; pyruvate precursor for gluconeogenesis.The alteration of three amino acids in muscles was maintained after exhausted exercise.The muscular alterations of them might be one of taurine-induced roles on exercise performance.
牛磺酸在骨骼肌中含量丰富，特别是在慢肌纤维中，可增强运动表现。然而，其确切机制尚不清楚。本研究探讨了牛磺酸补充对骨骼肌氨基酸谱的影响，作为牛磺酸增强运动表现的机制之一。在接受牛磺酸溶液的大鼠中，2 周后在快肌纤维占主导地位（FFD）的腓肠肌的两个部分中全面定量测定氨基酸浓度，3 周后在腓肠肌和其他 FFD 肌肉、肝脏和血浆中测定在耗尽运动后的氨基酸浓度。在 2 周后的 FFD 肌肉中，观察到三种氨基酸（苏氨酸、丝氨酸和甘氨酸）的浓度普遍下降（分别下降 16%、15%16%和 6%16%），它们属于肝糖异生而非生物合成的丙酮酸前体、极性和侧链结构。在 FFD 肌肉中，在另外一周的牛磺酸补充后，这三种氨基酸的下降更加明显（这些组织中这三种氨基酸的 p 值均小于 0.001-0.05），但在肝脏和血浆中没有，同时运动至力竭的时间显著增加（p <0.05）。相比之下，在肝脏中，这三种氨基酸（苏氨酸和丝氨酸，p <0.05，甘氨酸，p <0.01）和丙氨酸（p <0.01）的浓度分别显著降低和增加。综上所述，牛磺酸诱导的骨骼肌中这些氨基酸的减少可能是牛磺酸增强运动表现的机制之一。关键点牛磺酸摄入显著降低了骨骼肌中的某些氨基酸，同时增强了运动表现。共同减少的氨基酸是苏氨酸、丝氨酸和甘氨酸，但不是丙氨酸；糖异生的丙酮酸前体。肌肉中三种氨基酸的变化在耗尽运动后仍能维持。它们在肌肉中的变化可能是牛磺酸对运动表现的诱导作用之一。
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