Mechanisms affecting peplomycin sensitivity of Chinese hamster cell lines.

Chinese hamster lung cell line V79 was ca. 13 times more resistant to peplomycin (PEP), and 6 times more resistant to bleomycin (BLM)-A2 than Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line. The natural resistance of V79 cells to PEP or BLM was attributed to higher levels of BLM hydrolase activity and lower cellular uptake of the antibiotic. The sensitivity to PEP of a mutant clone CHO/O-2 T-1 was similar to that of CHO. A hybrid clone of CHO/O-2 T-1 X V79 showed an intermediate sensitivity to PEP between those of both parental cell lines, suggesting that the gene responsible for the natural resistance to PEP appears codominantly in the hybrid. The BLM hydrolase activity of the hybrid was also found intermediate between those of both parental cells. Mutant clones CHO/O-2 T-5 and CHO/O-2 T-6 were 8.3-9.0 times more sensitive to PEP than CHO cells. Hybrid clones CHO/O-2 T-5 X V79 and CHO/O-2 T-6 X V79 displayed PEP sensitivity similar to that of V79, suggesting that the gene responsible for the PEP supersensitivity (PEPss) behaves recessively in the hybrids. Both PEPss clones showed levels of BLM hydrolase and cellular uptake of [3H]PEP similar to the parental CHO cells, suggesting that the PEPss is due to neither BLM hydrolase nor cellular uptake of the antibiotic. Increased PEP-induced DNA cleavage and decreased DNA repair in the PEPss clones were demonstrated by alkaline sucrose density gradient sedimentation method. The results suggest that the PEPss of these mutant clones is attributed to decreased DNA-repairing activity and/or increased DNA-breaking activity.