Han Myung Guk, Jung Sang Ryou, Jeong Young Eui, Ju Young Ran, Cho Jung Eun, Park Jun-Sun
Division of Arboviruses, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong, Korea.
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2012 Mar;3(1):14-8. doi: 10.1016/j.phrp.2012.01.002.
Human rabies is a reemerging infectious disease in Korea. There was no human rabies case for 14 years until the disease had reoccurred in 1999. To prevent occurrence of human rabies, surveillance for animal bite patients in rabies endemic areas in Korea was conducted since 2005 as a part of a human rabies control program. The animal bite cases were analyzed to determine whether patients were treated according to the post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) guideline of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Information of animal bite cases that occurred from 2005 to 2009 in rabies high-risk regions were collected by cooperation with Regional Public Health Centers in 18 cities/districts of rabies endemic areas.
A total of 2458 animal bite cases were reported. Dogs accounted for 86% of animal bites and 67% of the animals were not vaccinated against rabies virus. For PEP, among rabies-vaccinated animals, 92.7% were observed for clinical signs and 1.4% underwent necropsy. Among unvaccinated animals, 72.7% were observed for clinical signs and 4.1% underwent necropsy. The remaining animals were not available for examination. Of the animal bite patients, 32.5% received PEP and 51.6% were treated by first aid or by washing the wound.
Given that no human rabies cases were reported since 2005 and animal rabies was continuously reported in endemic areas of Korea, the human rabies control program implemented in 2005 appears to have a significant role in the prevention and control of human rabies.
人类狂犬病在韩国是一种再度出现的传染病。在1999年该病再次出现之前，韩国有14年未出现人类狂犬病病例。为预防人类狂犬病的发生，自2005年起，作为人类狂犬病防控项目的一部分，韩国在狂犬病流行地区对动物咬伤患者进行了监测。对动物咬伤病例进行分析，以确定患者是否按照韩国疾病控制与预防中心的暴露后预防（PEP）指南接受治疗。
通过与狂犬病流行地区18个市/区的地区公共卫生中心合作，收集了2005年至2009年在狂犬病高风险地区发生的动物咬伤病例信息。
共报告了2458例动物咬伤病例。狗造成的咬伤占动物咬伤总数的86%，其中67%的动物未接种狂犬病疫苗。对于PEP，在接种狂犬病疫苗的动物中，92.7%接受了临床症状观察，1.4%进行了尸检。在未接种疫苗的动物中，72.7%接受了临床症状观察，4.1%进行了尸检。其余动物无法进行检查。在动物咬伤患者中，32.5%接受了PEP，51.6%接受了急救或伤口清洗治疗。
鉴于自2005年以来未报告人类狂犬病病例，且韩国流行地区持续报告动物狂犬病病例，2005年实施的人类狂犬病防控项目似乎在预防和控制人类狂犬病方面发挥了重要作用。
