Effects of tachykinins on the electrical activity of isolated canine tracheal epithelium: an exploratory study.

Substance P (SP) and other tachykinins altered the potential differences (P.D.) and resistances (omega) of open-circuited epithelial preparations. (1) The effects observed were critically dependent on the side to which the peptides were added. Luminal addition of SP (5 x 10(-7) M) produced within 8-20 s, a rapid decrease in P.D. (dip) followed by an increase that peaked transiently and declined. Serosal addition led to an increase in P.D. after a longer lag (40-90 s). In both cases, resistance decreased. (2) Low concentrations of SP (5 x 10(-12) M) elicited only an increase in P.D., the dip appearing at concentrations 50-100-fold higher, indicating perhaps receptors with different affinities. (3) Changes in P.D. and resistance were seen on luminal addition of physalaemin, eledoisin, kassinin, alpha-neurokinin, neuromedin K and C-terminal SP fragments larger than 5 amino acids. No responses were seen with SP tetrapeptide, SP 9-11, bombesin, litorin, neurotensin, dynorphin. The sequence Phe-X-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2 thus seems necessary to elicit changes in P.D. and resistance. (4) As with SP, low doses of physalaemin, eledoisin, kassinin elicited only an increase in PD, the dip appearing with higher concentrations.