Hua X, Lundberg J M, Theodorsson-Norheim E, Brodin E
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1984 Dec;328(2):196-201. doi: 10.1007/BF00512072.
The effects of substance P (SP), substance K (SK), physalaemin, eledoisin, kassinin, neuromedin K and bombesin on blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory insufflation pressure and plasma extravasation were studied in the guinea-pig. All tachykinins except neuromedin K caused a fall in blood pressure with rather similar potency. The hypotensive response after physalaemin was comparatively more long-lasting. SK and eledoisin (2.5 nmol X kg-1 i.v.) caused an initial bradycardia which then changed into tachycardia. The other tachykinins induced a slowly developing tachycardia. Neuromedin K (up to 40 nmol X kg-1) did not influence heart rate. SK, kassinin and eledoisin were more potent than SP and physalaemin in increasing respiratory insufflation pressure. The effect of SK had a particularly long duration. Neuromedin K only induced a weak increase in insufflation pressure at a very high dose. All tachykinins except neuromedin K induced an increase in vascular permeability to plasma proteins in many visceral organs, as indicated by Evans blue extravasation. The trachea and ureter were the most sensitive organs with regard to this effect. Physalaemin and eledoisin were generally more potent in increasing vascular permeability in various organs than SP and SK. The maximal permeability-increasing effect of SK was smaller than that of SP, although the potency was similar. Bombesin increased insufflation pressure with no clearcut effects on vascular permeability. It is concluded that in the same species, i.e. guinea-pig, several tachykinins have rather similar hypotensive action, while the vascular permeability increase to plasma proteins is especially pronounced after physalaemin and eledoisin. SK, kassinin and eledoisin have prominent bronchoconstrictor effects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
在豚鼠身上研究了P物质（SP）、K物质（SK）、physalaemin、eledoisin、kassinin、神经介素K和蛙皮素对血压、心率、呼吸吹气压力和血浆外渗的影响。除神经介素K外，所有速激肽均引起血压下降，且效力相当。physalaemin后的降压反应相对更持久。SK和eledoisin（静脉注射2.5 nmol·kg-1）引起初始心动过缓，随后转变为心动过速。其他速激肽诱导缓慢发展的心动过速。神经介素K（高达40 nmol·kg-1）不影响心率。SK、kassinin和eledoisin在增加呼吸吹气压力方面比SP和physalaemin更有效。SK的作用持续时间特别长。神经介素K仅在非常高的剂量下引起吹气压力微弱增加。除神经介素K外，所有速激肽均导致许多内脏器官对血浆蛋白的血管通透性增加，伊文思蓝外渗表明了这一点。气管和输尿管对这种作用最敏感。physalaemin和eledoisin在增加各器官血管通透性方面通常比SP和SK更有效。SK的最大通透性增加作用小于SP，尽管效力相似。蛙皮素增加吹气压力，对血管通透性无明显影响。结论是，在同一物种即豚鼠中，几种速激肽具有相当相似的降压作用，而physalaemin和eledoisin后血浆蛋白的血管通透性增加尤为明显。SK、kassinin和eledoisin具有显著的支气管收缩作用。（摘要截短至250字）
