Agronomy Department, Zhejiang Agricultural University, 310029, Hangzhou, China.
Theor Appl Genet. 1996 Jan;92(1):1-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00222944.
Genetic models including sex-linked and maternal effects as well as autosomal gene effects are described. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to compare efficiencies of estimation by minimum norm quadratic unbiased estimation (MINQUE) and restricted maximum likelihood (REML) methods. MINQUE(1), which has 1 for all prior values, has a similar efficiency to MINQUE(θ), which requires prior estimates of parameter values. MINQUE(1) has the advantage over REML of unbiased estimation and convenient computation. An adjusted unbiased prediction (AUP) method is developed for predicting random genetic effects. AUP is desirable for its easy computation and unbiasedness of both mean and variance of predictors. The jackknife procedure is appropriate for estimating the sampling variances of estimated variances (or covariances) and of predicted genetic effects. A t-test based on jackknife variances is applicable for detecting significance of variation. Worked examples from mice and silkworm data are given in order to demonstrate variance and covariance estimation and genetic effect prediction.
遗传模型包括性连锁和母体效应以及常染色体基因效应。进行了蒙特卡罗模拟，以比较最小范数二次无偏估计（MINQUE）和限制最大似然（REML）方法的估计效率。MINQUE(1)，所有先验值均为 1，与需要参数值先验估计的 MINQUE(θ)具有相似的效率。MINQUE(1)具有无偏估计和方便计算的优势。开发了一种用于预测随机遗传效应的调整无偏预测（AUP）方法。AUP 易于计算，并且预测因子的均值和方差均无偏，因此是可取的。刀切法适用于估计估计方差（或协方差）和预测遗传效应的抽样方差。基于刀切方差的 t 检验适用于检测变异的显著性。提供了来自老鼠和蚕数据的实例，以演示方差和协方差估计以及遗传效应预测。
