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野生甘蓝型油菜中受蚜虫诱导的植物反应的种内变异及其对毛毛虫-寄生蜂相互作用的影响。

Intra-specific variation in wild Brassica oleracea for aphid-induced plant responses and consequences for caterpillar-parasitoid interactions.

机构信息

Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P. O. Box 8031, 6700 EH, Wageningen, The Netherlands,

出版信息

Oecologia. 2014 Mar;174(3):853-62. doi: 10.1007/s00442-013-2805-6. Epub 2013 Nov 1.

Abstract

Herbivore-induced plant responses not only influence the initiating attackers, but also other herbivores feeding on the same host plant simultaneously or at a different time. Insects belonging to different feeding guilds are known to induce different responses in the host plant. Changes in a plant's phenotype not only affect its interactions with herbivores but also with organisms higher in the food chain. Previous work has shown that feeding by a phloem-feeding aphid on a cabbage cultivar facilitates the interaction with a chewing herbivore and its endoparasitoid. Here we study genetic variation in a plant's response to aphid feeding using plants originating from three wild Brassica oleracea populations that are known to differ in constitutive and inducible secondary chemistry. We compared the performance of two different chewing herbivore species, Plutella xylostella and M. brassicae, and their larval endoparasitoids Diadegma semiclausum and M. mediator, respectively, on plants that had been infested with aphids (Brevicoryne brassicae) for 1 week. Remarkably, early infestation with B. brassicae enhanced the performance of the specialist P. xylostella and its parasitoid D. semiclausum, but did not affect that of the generalist M. brassicae, nor its parasitoid M. mediator. Performance of the two herbivore-parasitoid interactions also varied among the cabbage populations and the effect of aphid infestation marginally differed among the three populations. Thus, the effect of aphid infestation on the performance of subsequent attackers is species specific, which may have concomitant consequences for the assembly of insect communities that are naturally associated with these plants.

摘要

食草动物诱导的植物反应不仅影响初始攻击者,还影响同时或不同时间以同一宿主植物为食的其他食草动物。不同取食群体的昆虫被认为会在宿主植物中诱导不同的反应。植物表型的变化不仅影响其与草食动物的相互作用,也影响食物链中更高层次的生物。以前的工作表明,在甘蓝品种上取食的韧皮部取食蚜虫会促进与咀嚼性草食动物及其内寄生蜂的相互作用。在这里,我们使用来自三个不同野生甘蓝种群的植物来研究植物对蚜虫取食反应的遗传变异,这些种群在组成型和诱导型次生化学物质方面存在差异。我们比较了两种不同的咀嚼性草食动物物种,小菜蛾和菜粉蝶,以及它们的幼虫内寄生蜂半闭弯尾姬蜂和小菜蛾黑瘤姬蜂,分别在被蚜虫(甘蓝蚜)取食 1 周后的植物上的表现。值得注意的是,早期被甘蓝蚜取食显著提高了专食性小菜蛾及其寄生蜂半闭弯尾姬蜂的表现,但对非专食性菜粉蝶及其寄生蜂小菜蛾黑瘤姬蜂的表现没有影响。这两种草食性-寄生性相互作用的表现也在甘蓝种群之间存在差异,蚜虫取食的影响在三个种群之间略有不同。因此,蚜虫取食对后续攻击者表现的影响是物种特异性的,这可能对与这些植物自然相关的昆虫群落的组装产生伴随的后果。

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