Iyoke C A, Ugwu G O, Ezugwu F O, Ajah L O, Mba S G
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu.
Niger J Med. 2013 Jul-Sep;22(3):162-70.
Although ultrasonography was introduced into Obstetrics and Gynaecology by a British Gynaecologist over five decades ago, the requirements for formal training in its use by gynecologists in Nigeria is just beginning to catch on, despite its indispensible role in various aspects of our clinical practice.
To describe the role of ultrasonography in in-vitro fertilization and the indispensability of the instrument to reproductive medicine.
A review of literature written in English language on the use and application ofultrasonography. in in-vitro fertilization was done. The review covered articles published between 1980-2012.
Ultrasound is the most versatile method for pre-treatment assessment in IVF being the dominant instrument for assessing ovarian reserve, pelvic pathologies and for assessing the uterine cavity. The ability of ultrasonography to measure endometrial thickness in addition to detecting uterine masses gives it an edge over laparoscopy/hysteroscopy as a diagnostic procedure in uterine cavity assessment, although hysteroscopy has the advantage of therapeutic potential. Similarly, ultrasonography is superior to biochemical methods for follicular monitoring because of its ability to demonstrate the number and sizes of follicles, and guide preparations for oocyte retrieval. The relative ease of ultrasound guided oocyte retrieval; its less technical demands and the possibility of conducting the procedure under local anaesthesia have made ultrasound guided oocyte retrieval more popular across the world. Randomized controlled trials show that ultrasound-guided transfer techniques have better outcomes than the clinical touch technique in terms of on-going pregnancies and Clinical pregnancies. Ultrasonography is now the key instrument for diagnosing and monitoring pregnancy following embryo transfer, biochemical methods being complimentary.
Ultrasonography is now the single most important instrument in in-vitro fertilization .programmes and gynaecologists with interest in reproductive medicine need necessarily to obtain a formal training in its use.
尽管超声检查在五十多年前就被一位英国妇科医生引入妇产科，但在尼日利亚，妇科医生接受超声检查正式培训的需求才刚刚开始受到关注，尽管它在我们临床实践的各个方面都发挥着不可或缺的作用。
描述超声检查在体外受精中的作用以及该仪器对生殖医学的不可或缺性。
对用英语撰写的关于超声检查在体外受精中的使用和应用的文献进行综述。该综述涵盖了1980年至2012年间发表的文章。
超声是体外受精预处理评估中用途最广泛的方法，是评估卵巢储备、盆腔病变和子宫腔的主要仪器。超声检查除了能检测子宫肿块外，还能测量子宫内膜厚度，这使其在子宫腔评估的诊断程序中比腹腔镜检查/宫腔镜检查更具优势，尽管宫腔镜检查具有治疗潜力。同样，超声检查在卵泡监测方面优于生化方法，因为它能够显示卵泡的数量和大小，并指导卵母细胞采集的准备工作。超声引导下卵母细胞采集相对容易；技术要求较低，并且有可能在局部麻醉下进行该操作，这使得超声引导下卵母细胞采集在全世界更受欢迎。随机对照试验表明，在持续妊娠和临床妊娠方面，超声引导下的移植技术比临床触摸技术有更好的结果。超声检查现在是胚胎移植后诊断和监测妊娠的关键仪器，生化方法起辅助作用。
超声检查现在是体外受精计划中最重要的单一仪器，对生殖医学感兴趣的妇科医生有必要接受超声检查使用的正式培训。
