Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, United States.
Eat Behav. 2013 Dec;14(4):529-32. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.06.014. Epub 2013 Jul 2.
Dieting to lose weight, with its focus on restriction of caloric intake, may disrupt intuitive eating processes, though other forms of weight loss, such as exercising, which do not emphasize food may not. In a sample of 669 middle school boys and 708 girls, regardless of sex or exercising, dieting was related to feeling less free to eat what was wanted and to eating more to soothe emotions than to satisfy actual physical hunger. Exercising, independent of dieting, was associated with feeling less permission to eat what was wanted, but also eating to satisfy physical hunger as opposed to coping with emotional distress. Overall, girls were more aware and trusting of their bodily hunger and satiety cues than boys, but when boys were exercising, they scored similarly to girls on this dimension. These findings suggest that different weight loss approaches - dieting vs. exercising - have unique relationships to young adolescents' intuitive eating and these associations tend to be stable across sex. Longitudinal studies now are needed to examine how dieting that begins in childhood or early adolescence might have long-term effects on the progression of intuitive eating.
节食减肥，其重点是限制热量摄入，可能会破坏直觉性进食过程，尽管其他形式的减肥方法，如运动，不强调食物，可能不会。在一项对 669 名中学男生和 708 名女生的样本研究中，无论性别或运动如何，节食与感到更难以自由地想吃什么和为了缓解情绪而吃更多东西有关，而不是为了满足实际的生理饥饿。独立于节食的运动与感到更不允许吃自己想吃的东西有关，但也会因为满足生理饥饿而不是应对情绪困扰而进食。总的来说，女孩比男孩更能意识到和信任自己的身体饥饿感和饱腹感，但当男孩运动时，他们在这方面的得分与女孩相似。这些发现表明，不同的减肥方法——节食与运动——与青少年的直觉性进食有独特的关系，而且这些关联在性别之间往往是稳定的。现在需要进行纵向研究，以检验儿童期或青春期早期开始的节食是否会对直觉性进食的发展产生长期影响。
