Research Institute for Biochemical Regulation, Nagoya University, Chikusa, 464-01, Nagoya, Japan.
Theor Appl Genet. 1994 Jan;87(6):705-12. doi: 10.1007/BF00222896.
In rice, many dwarf mutants have been isolated and characterized. We have investigated the relationship between dwarfism and the gibberellin (GA)-mediated control of physiological processes. Twenty-three rice cultivars and mutants (9 normal, 3 semi-dwarf, 11 dwarf) were analyzed in terms of two GA-mediated processes, namely, elongation of shoots and production of α-amylase activity in the endosperm. As a result, we identified four different groups (groups N, T, D and E). Two-dimensional plotting of the extent of induction of α-amylase in the endosperm versus the extent of enhancement of shoot elongation upon treatment with exogenous gibberellic acid (GA3) provided a useful method for the rapid allocation of large numbers of dwarf mutants of rice to the various groups. Members of group N (normal type), which included all normal cultivars and semi-dwarf mutants, showed a slight increase in elongation of shoots and a remarkable increase in production of α-amylase with the application of GA3 during germination. All of the dwarf mutants were classified as being members of the other three groups. Members of group T (Tan-ginbozu type), including three dwarf mutants, were highly responsive to exogenous GA3 in terms of elongation of shoots and production of α-amylase, with associated lower levels of endogenous GA. In contrast, members of the other three groups, including group N, had normal levels of endogenous GAs. Members of group D (Daikoku type) were only slightly responsive to exogenous GA3, an indication that they are GA-insensitive mutants. Members of group E (Ebisu type) had responses to GA3 similar to those of group N, not only in terms of elongation of shoots but also in terms of α-amylase production, an indication that they are dwarf mutants that can be considered as neither GA-deficient nor GA-insensitive mutants. We also examined a GA-insensitive mutant selected from among 19 near-isogenic dwarf lines of 'Shiokari', and we concluded that the d-1 gene is associated with the phenotype of GA-insensitive dwarf mutants.
在水稻中，已经分离和鉴定了许多矮化突变体。我们研究了矮化与赤霉素（GA）介导的生理过程控制之间的关系。我们分析了 23 个水稻品种和突变体（9 个正常、3 个半矮化、11 个矮化）在两个 GA 介导的过程方面的特征，即 shoot 的伸长和胚乳中α-淀粉酶活性的产生。结果，我们确定了四个不同的组（组 N、T、D 和 E）。在外源赤霉素（GA3）处理下，胚乳中α-淀粉酶诱导程度与 shoot 伸长增强程度的二维绘图为快速分配大量水稻矮化突变体到各个组提供了一种有用的方法。组 N（正常型）的成员，包括所有正常品种和半矮化突变体，在发芽期间用 GA3 处理时，表现出 shoot 伸长略有增加和α-淀粉酶产生显著增加。所有的矮化突变体都被归类为其他三个组的成员。组 T（Tan-ginbozu 型）的成员，包括三个矮化突变体，在 shoot 伸长和α-淀粉酶产生方面对外源 GA3 反应非常强烈，同时内源 GA 水平较低。相比之下，包括组 N 在内的其他三个组的成员具有正常水平的内源 GAs。组 D（Daikoku 型）的成员对外源 GA3 的反应非常轻微，表明它们是 GA 不敏感突变体。组 E（Ebisu 型）的成员对 GA3 的反应与组 N 相似，不仅在 shoot 伸长方面，而且在α-淀粉酶产生方面，表明它们是既不能被认为是 GA 缺陷型也不能被认为是 GA 不敏感型的矮化突变体。我们还检查了从“Shiokari”的 19 个近等基因矮化系中选择的一个 GA 不敏感突变体，我们得出结论，d-1 基因与 GA 不敏感矮化突变体的表型有关。
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