Department of Biology and Kevo Subarctic Research Institute, University of Turku, SF-20500, Turku, Finland.
Microb Ecol. 1990 Jan;19(1):119-25. doi: 10.1007/BF02015058.
The effects of simulated acid rain on the population of birch phyllosphere fungi and species/genera/group composition of fungi on birch leaves were investigated in a field study in the subarctic region of northern Finland. The acid rain treatments consisted of a mixture of H2SO4 and HNO3 with a mass ratio of 2.86∶1 (S∶N) with acidities of pH 4 (A4) and pH 3 (A3). Dry control (DC) plots received only natural precipitation; irrigated control (IC) plots received spring water (pH 6) in a volume equal to the acid treatment plots. Treatments began in 1985. Culturing of the fungi inhabiting the birch leaves was performed five times during the summer of 1988. The number of fungal colonies was significantly decreased on one of five sampling dates in the pH 4 treatment and on three of five sampling dates in the pH 3 treatment. Irrigation with spring water did not have a significant effect. The acid rain treatments affected the microflora of the upper branches (at a height of 2 m) and of the lower branches (at a height of 0.5 m) equally. The lower branches had significantly more fungi than the upper ones on three of five sampling dates. The number of phyllosphere fungi isolated from birch leaves was greater in late summer than in early summer. The most abundant taxon (∼80%) wasAureobasidium pullulons, followed byHormonema sp. and zygomycetes.
在芬兰北部的亚北极地区进行了一项野外研究，调查了模拟酸雨对桦木叶边真菌种群以及桦树叶上真菌物种/属/组组成的影响。酸雨处理包括 H2SO4 和 HNO3 的混合物，其质量比为 2.86∶1（S∶N），酸度为 pH 4（A4）和 pH 3（A3）。干对照（DC）区仅接收自然降水；灌溉对照（IC）区接收与酸处理区等量的 spring water（pH 6）。处理始于 1985 年。1988 年夏季，对桦树叶上栖息的真菌进行了五次培养。在 pH 4 处理的五个采样日期中的一个和 pH 3 处理的五个采样日期中的三个，真菌菌落数量显著减少。用 spring water 灌溉没有显著影响。酸雨处理对 2 m 高处的上枝和 0.5 m 高处的下枝的微群落有相同的影响。在五个采样日期中的三个，下枝的真菌数量明显多于上枝。从桦树叶上分离出的叶边真菌数量在夏末比初夏多。最丰富的类群（约 80%）是 Aureobasidium pullulons，其次是 Hormonema sp. 和接合菌。
