LabHuman, Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación, Universitat Politècnica de València, Cubo Azul, Edif. 8B, Acceso N, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain,
Surg Endosc. 2014 Apr;28(4):1360-70. doi: 10.1007/s00464-013-3285-9. Epub 2013 Nov 7.
Virtual surgery simulators enable surgeons to learn by themselves, shortening their learning curves. Virtual simulators offer an objective evaluation of the surgeon's skills at the end of each training session. The considered evaluation parameters are based on the analysis of the surgeon's gestures performed throughout the training session. Currently, this information is usually known by surgeons only at the end of the training session, but very limited during the training performance. In this paper, we present a novel method for automatic and interactive evaluation of the surgeon's skills that is able to supervise inexperienced surgeons during their training session with surgical simulators.
The method is based on the assumption that the sequence of gestures carried out by an expert surgeon in the simulator can be translated into a sequence (a character string) that should be reproduced by a novice surgeon during a training session. In this work, a string-matching algorithm has been modified to calculate the alignment and distance between the sequences of both expert and novice during the training performance.
The results have shown that it is possible to distinguish between different skill levels at all times during the surgical training session.
The main contribution of this paper is a method where the difference between an expert's sequence of gestures and a novice's ongoing sequence is used to guide inexperienced surgeons. This is possible by indicating to novices the gesture corrections to be applied during surgical training as continuous expert supervision would do.
虚拟手术模拟器使外科医生能够自学，从而缩短学习曲线。虚拟模拟器在每次培训课程结束时提供对外科医生技能的客观评估。考虑的评估参数基于对整个培训过程中外科医生手势的分析。目前，这些信息通常仅在培训结束时为外科医生所知，但在培训过程中非常有限。在本文中，我们提出了一种新的方法，用于自动和交互式评估外科医生的技能，能够在手术模拟器培训期间监督经验不足的外科医生。
该方法基于以下假设：在模拟器中执行的专家外科医生的手势序列可以转换为新手外科医生在培训课程中应重复的序列（字符串）。在这项工作中，修改了字符串匹配算法以计算专家和新手在培训过程中的序列之间的对齐和距离。
结果表明，在整个手术培训过程中，始终可以区分不同的技能水平。
本文的主要贡献是一种方法，其中专家的手势序列与新手的当前序列之间的差异用于指导经验不足的外科医生。这可以通过指示新手在手术训练期间应用手势修正来实现，就像专家监督一样。
