Venta Amanda, Sharp Carla
<location>Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA</location>
Crisis. 2014;35(1):60-6. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000231.
Identifying risk factors for suicide-related thoughts and behaviors (SRTB) is essential among adolescents in whom SRTB remain a leading cause of death. Although many risk factors have already been identified, influential theories now suggest that the domain of interpersonal relationships may play a critical role in the emergence of SRTB. Because attachment has long been seen as the foundation of interpersonal functioning, we suggest that attachment insecurity warrants attention as a risk factor for SRTB.
This study sought to explore relations between attachment organization and suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and self-harm in an inpatient adolescent sample, controlling for demographic and psychopathological covariates.
We recruited 194 adolescents from an inpatient unit and assigned them to one of four attachment groups (secure, preoccupied, dismissing, or disorganized attachment). Interview and self-report measures were used to create four variables reflecting the presence or absence of suicidal ideation in the last year, single lifetime suicide attempt, multiple lifetime suicide attempts, and lifetime self-harm.
Chi-square and regression analyses did not reveal significant relations between attachment organization and SRTB, although findings did confirm previously established relations between psychopathology and SRTB, such that internalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt and externalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm.
The severity of this sample and methodological differences from previous studies may explain the nonsignificant findings. Nonsignificant findings may indicate that the relation between attachment organization and SRTB is moderated by other factors that should be explored in future research.
在青少年中，自杀相关想法和行为（SRTB）仍是主要死因之一，因此识别其风险因素至关重要。尽管许多风险因素已被确定，但现在有影响力的理论表明，人际关系领域可能在SRTB的出现中起关键作用。由于依恋长期以来一直被视为人际交往功能的基础，我们认为不安全依恋作为SRTB的一个风险因素值得关注。
本研究旨在探讨住院青少年样本中依恋组织与自杀意念、自杀未遂及自我伤害之间的关系，并控制人口统计学和心理病理学协变量。
我们从一个住院单元招募了194名青少年，并将他们分配到四个依恋组之一（安全型、专注型、疏离型或混乱型依恋）。采用访谈和自我报告测量方法创建了四个变量，反映过去一年中是否存在自杀意念、单次终生自杀未遂、多次终生自杀未遂以及终生自我伤害情况。
卡方检验和回归分析未揭示依恋组织与SRTB之间存在显著关系，尽管研究结果确实证实了先前确定的心理病理学与SRTB之间的关系，即内化障碍与自我伤害、自杀意念和自杀未遂增加相关，外化障碍与自我伤害增加相关。
该样本的严重程度以及与先前研究的方法学差异可能解释了无显著结果。无显著结果可能表明，依恋组织与SRTB之间的关系受到其他因素的调节，这些因素应在未来研究中加以探索。
