Health and Safety Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
Ecotoxicology. 1993 Dec;2(4):243-56. doi: 10.1007/BF00368533.
Mercury concentrations were determined in surface soil and biota at a contaminated terrestrial field site and were used to calculate transfer coefficients of mercury through various compartments of the ecosystem based on trophic relationships. Mercury concentrations in all compartments (soil, vegetation, invertebrates, and small mammals) were higher than mercury concentrations in corresponding samples at local reference sites. Nonetheless, mercury concentrations in biota did not exceed concentrations in the contaminated surface soil, which averaged 269 μg g(-1). Plant tissue concentrations of mercury were low (0.01 to 2.0 μg g(-1)) and yielded soil to plant transfer coefficients ranging from 3.7×10(-5) for seeds to 7.0×10(-3) for grass blades. Mercury concentrations in invertebrates ranged from 0.79 for harvestmen (Phalangida) to 15.5 μg g(-1) for undepurated earthworms (Oligochaeta). Mean food chain transfer coefficients for invertebrates were 0.88 for herbivores/omnivores and 2.35 for carnivores. Mean mercury concentrations in target tissue (kidney) were 1.16±1.16 μg g(-1) for the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus), a granivore, and 38.8±24.6 μg g(-1) for the shorttail shrew (Blarina brevicauda), an insectivore. Transfer coefficients for diet to kidney were 0.75 and 4.40 for P. leucopus and B. brevicauda, respectively. A comparison of kidney mercury residues measured in this study with values from controlled laboratory feeding studies from the literature indicate that B. brevicauda but not P. leucopus may be ingesting mercury at levels that are nephrotoxic.
在一个受污染的陆地现场，测定了表层土壤和生物体内的汞浓度，并根据营养关系计算了汞通过生态系统各个隔室的转移系数。所有隔室（土壤、植被、无脊椎动物和小型哺乳动物）中的汞浓度均高于当地对照点相应样本中的汞浓度。尽管如此，生物体内的汞浓度并未超过污染表层土壤中的汞浓度，后者平均为 269μg/g。植物组织中的汞浓度较低（0.01 至 2.0μg/g），得出的从土壤到植物的转移系数范围从种子的 3.7×10(-5)到草叶的 7.0×10(-3)。无脊椎动物体内的汞浓度范围为 0.79（盲蛛，Phalangida）至 15.5μg/g（未净化的蚯蚓，Oligochaeta）。无脊椎动物的食物链平均转移系数为 0.88（食草动物/杂食动物）和 2.35（肉食动物）。目标组织（肾脏）中的汞平均浓度为 1.16±1.16μg/g 的白足鼠（Peromyscus leucopus），一种食草动物，以及 38.8±24.6μg/g 的短尾鼩鼱（Blarina brevicauda），一种食虫动物。白足鼠和短尾鼩鼱的饮食到肾脏的转移系数分别为 0.75 和 4.40。本研究中测量的肾脏汞残留与文献中受控实验室喂养研究中的值进行比较表明，短尾鼩鼱可能正在摄入具有肾毒性的汞，而白足鼠则不然。
