From the Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, Chile (Dr. Mendez-Bustos); IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (Ms. de Leon-Martinez, and Drs. Baca-Garcia and Lopez-Castroman) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Dr. Miret), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Spain; Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Drs. Miret, Baca Garcia, and Lopez-Castroman); Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain (Dr. Miret); Department of Psychiatry, New York Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University (Dr. Baca-Garcia); and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unit 1061, Montpellier, France (Dr. Lopez-Castroman).
Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2013 Nov-Dec;21(6):281-95. doi: 10.1097/HRP.0000000000000001.
The aim of this study is to identify the characteristic features of suicide reattempters. The recognition of the suicide reattempters population as a distinct clinical population may encourage future preventive and clinical work with this high-risk subgroup and thus reduce deaths. A systematic literature review was carried out in order to identify the key demographic, psychological, and clinical variables associated with the repetition of suicide attempts. In addition, we wished to analyze the operational definitions of the repetition of suicide attempts proposed in the scientific literature. Studies published from 2000 to 2012 were identified in PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases and were selected according to predetermined criteria. We examined a total of 1480 articles and selected 86 that matched our search criteria. The literature is heterogeneous, with no consensus regarding the operational definitions of suicide reattempters. Comparison groups in the literature have also been inconsistent and include subjects making a single lifetime attempt and subjects who did not reattempt during a defined study period. Suicide reattempters were associated with higher rates of the following characteristics: unemployment, unmarried status, diagnosis of mental disorders, suicidal ideation, stressful life events, and family history of suicidal behavior. Additional research is needed to establish adequate differentiation and effective treatment plans for this population.
本研究旨在确定自杀再尝试者的特征。将自杀再尝试者人群识别为一个独特的临床人群，可能会鼓励未来针对这一高风险亚组进行预防和临床工作，从而减少死亡。为了确定与自杀尝试重复相关的关键人口统计学、心理学和临床变量，进行了系统的文献回顾。此外，我们还希望分析科学文献中提出的自杀尝试重复的操作定义。在 PubMed、PsycINFO 和 Web of Science 数据库中确定了 2000 年至 2012 年发表的研究，并根据预定标准进行了选择。我们总共检查了 1480 篇文章，并选择了 86 篇符合我们搜索标准的文章。文献存在异质性，对于自杀再尝试者的操作定义没有共识。文献中的对照群体也不一致，包括仅进行过一次自杀尝试的受试者和在规定的研究期间未再尝试的受试者。自杀再尝试者与以下特征的发生率较高相关：失业、未婚状态、精神障碍诊断、自杀意念、生活压力事件和自杀行为家族史。需要进一步的研究来为这一人群建立适当的区分和有效的治疗计划。
