Departments of Medicine and of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Civic Campus, 1053 Carling Avenue, Administrative Services Building, Room 1009, Box 684, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
Int J Infect Dis. 2014 Jan;18:1-3. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2013.09.016. Epub 2013 Oct 30.
In the early 1980s, donor deferrals targeting men who have sex with men (MSM) and other high-risk groups were implemented in response to the outbreak of HIV/AIDS. It has now been three decades since the implementation of these deferrals. We review the international experience with developing these policies, which involves combining scientific evidence with ethical and moral concerns and the challenge of moving from precautionary to risk management policies as scientific knowledge and technology evolves. We provide key lessons that can guide blood policymakers as they confront potential new threats to the safety of the blood system and also provide lessons to the wider public health community on how best to incorporate precaution into the policymaking process.
20 世纪 80 年代初，为应对艾滋病疫情的爆发，针对男男性行为者（MSM）和其他高危人群的献血者延期献血政策开始实施。如今，这些延期献血政策已经实施了三十年。我们回顾了制定这些政策的国际经验，其中涉及将科学证据与伦理道德问题相结合，并在科学知识和技术不断发展的情况下，从预防措施转向风险管理政策的挑战。我们提供了一些关键经验教训，这些经验教训可以为血液政策制定者提供指导，帮助他们应对血液系统安全的潜在新威胁，同时也为更广泛的公共卫生界提供了如何将预防措施纳入政策制定过程的最佳实践。
