Bosisio Daniela, Salvi Valentina, Gagliostro Vincenzo, Sozzani Silvano
Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Chem Immunol Allergy. 2014;99:89-104. doi: 10.1159/000353317. Epub 2013 Oct 17.
Chemokines are a family of vertebrate-specific, small-secreted molecules that were originally identified as mediators of leukocyte migration and tissue positioning during the immune response. Subsequently, chemokines were discovered to control movement also of endothelial cells and other cell types in many different contexts. The human chemokine system comprises about 50 chemokines and more than 20 receptors belonging to the seven-transmembrane receptor family. In the present chapter, we review the literature supporting a role for chemokines in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. We highlight that chemokines exert both pro- and antiangiogenic roles either by acting directly on endothelial cells or by recruiting leukocytes that, in turn, secrete angiogenic mediators. This latter mode of action is possibly the most relevant in tumor angiogenesis. Finally, we explore the angiogenic properties of nonchemokine chemoattractant molecules.
趋化因子是脊椎动物特有的一类小分泌分子，最初被鉴定为免疫反应期间白细胞迁移和组织定位的介质。随后，人们发现趋化因子在许多不同情况下也能控制内皮细胞和其他细胞类型的运动。人类趋化因子系统由约50种趋化因子和20多种属于七跨膜受体家族的受体组成。在本章中，我们回顾了支持趋化因子在血管生成和淋巴管生成中起作用的文献。我们强调，趋化因子通过直接作用于内皮细胞或招募白细胞（白细胞进而分泌血管生成介质）发挥促血管生成和抗血管生成作用。后一种作用模式可能在肿瘤血管生成中最为重要。最后，我们探讨了非趋化因子化学引诱剂分子的血管生成特性。
