Department of Otolaryngology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S.A.
Laryngoscope. 2014 Jun;124(6):E231-6. doi: 10.1002/lary.24453. Epub 2013 Nov 13.
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Aspiration, the passage of a bolus below the vocal folds, increases morbidity and mortality in the elderly by increasing the risk of aspiration pneumonia and other conditions. We hypothesized that altered position of the hyoid bone associated with aging may negatively affect airway protection during swallowing (i.e., aspiration) in older adults.
Retrospective study.
We re-reviewed computed tomography (CT) scans of the head from 40 older adults (65-80 years old), comprised of 20 aspirators and 20 nonaspirators, obtained from a previous cohort study. In addition, CT scans of the head from 40 young adults (20-40 years old) were retrieved from a medical records database. Three-dimensional reconstruction and 2-dimensional sagittal views were used to measure the distance between the mandible and hyoid bone. Comparisons between age groups, genders, and aspiration status were made.
Older adults had a larger distance between the hyoid and mandible in both latitude and longitudinal positions compared to the young adults. Among older males, there was evidence that the hyoid bone in the aspirators tended to be positioned more posterior compared to the nonaspirators.
The distance between the hyoid and mandible is increased with aging, and a more posterior position of the hyoid bone is correlated with aspiration in older males. These findings suggest that age-related changes in hyoid bone position may be a component of decreased swallowing safety and aspiration in older adults and warrant further investigation.
N/A.
目的/假设：咽是声带下方的食团通过的通道，它会增加吸入性肺炎和其他疾病的风险，从而增加老年人的发病率和死亡率。我们假设，随着年龄的增长，舌骨位置的改变可能会对老年人吞咽（即吸入）时的气道保护产生负面影响。
回顾性研究。
我们重新审查了来自先前队列研究的 40 名老年人（65-80 岁）和 40 名年轻人（20-40 岁）的头部 CT 扫描。此外，还从病历数据库中检索了 40 名年轻人（20-40 岁）的头部 CT 扫描。使用三维重建和二维矢状视图来测量下颌骨和舌骨之间的距离。比较了不同年龄组、性别和吸入状态之间的差异。
与年轻人相比，老年人的舌骨和下颌骨在纬度和经度位置上的距离都更大。在老年男性中，有证据表明，吸入者的舌骨位置比非吸入者更靠后。
随着年龄的增长，舌骨和下颌骨之间的距离增加，而舌骨的后位与老年男性的吸入有关。这些发现表明，舌骨位置的年龄相关性改变可能是老年人吞咽安全性和吸入降低的一个组成部分，值得进一步研究。
N/A。
