Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, Kerklaan 30, NL-9751, NN Haren, The Netherlands.
Theor Appl Genet. 1989 May;77(5):749-59. doi: 10.1007/BF00261254.
Twelve Plantago major plants, good representatives of their populations, appeared to be genetically different for several characters which are important for adaptation to the respective habitat conditions. These characters are: juvenile growth, leaf morphology, production of secondary rosettes, flowering time, seed production, seed size and adult leaf production. The adaptive value of some of these characters was investigated by transplantation experiments in the field and by intraspecific competition experiments. The roadside type of ssp. major was adapted to trampling by being erect and elastic. The lawn type of ssp. major was adapted to a short, frequently cut, vegetation by being prostrate and by producing leaves with short petioles throughout the growth season. In the natural situations in which ssp. pleiosperma occurs, growth rate and first-year seed production of this subspecies were considerably higher than that of ssp. major. In a number of experiments, F1s and F2s were included, derived from crosses between the original plants. The F1s were generally rather well adapted to both parental habitats, whereas the F2s appeared to be less fit. The various alternatives in spending resources relevant for fitness optimization in different habitats are discussed.
十二株车前草，它们是种群的良好代表，在对各自栖息地条件的适应方面，表现出了多种重要特征的遗传差异。这些特征包括：幼体生长、叶片形态、次生莲座叶丛的产生、开花时间、种子产量、种子大小和成年叶片的产生。通过野外移植实验和种内竞争实验，研究了其中一些特征的适应价值。路边型车前草亚种通过直立和弹性适应了踩踏。草坪型车前草亚种通过匍匐生长和在整个生长季节产生短叶柄的叶片适应了短而频繁修剪的植被。在自然条件下，pleiosperma 亚种的生长速度和第一年的种子产量都明显高于 major 亚种。在一系列实验中，包括了来自原始植物杂交的 F1 和 F2。F1 通常对两个亲本地域都有很好的适应能力，而 F2 则表现出较差的适应性。本文讨论了在不同栖息地中优化适应度时，资源分配的各种选择。
