茄科植物白英叶提取物可阻止科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫取食。

Leaf surface extracts ofSolanum berthaultii hawkes deter colorado potato beetle feeding.

机构信息

Department of Entomology, Cornell University, 14853, Ithaca, New York.

出版信息

J Chem Ecol. 1994 May;20(5):991-1007. doi: 10.1007/BF02059737.

DOI:10.1007/BF02059737

Abstract

Leaf rinses ofS. berthaultii PI 473334 with methylene chloride were deterrent to feeding by the Colorado potato beetle when applied toS. tuberosum tuber and leaf disks. When the leaf rinse was separated into its nonvolatile and volatile fractions and applied to tuber disks, the nonvolatile fraction was highly deterrent, while the volatile fraction reduced consumption, but not significantly compared to the controls. A hexane leaf rinse was not deterrent to feeding, while an acetone rinse was approximately twofold more deterrent than the methylene chloride rinse when applied to leaf disks. Three cycles of bioassay-guided, reversed-phase open-column fractionation of an acetone leaf rinse yielded a relatively polar fraction with low deterrent activity, and two nonpolar fractions exhibiting higher specific activity. Reversed-phase preparative HPLC of these fractions yielded seven active fractions among the 10 assayed. Subsequent analytical HPLC indicated that two fractions each contained a single UV-absorbing compound, while another represented a mixture of at least four compounds. The remaining fractions were composed of complex mixtures of possibly ionic or polymeric compounds that were poorly resolved by HPLC.

摘要

用二氯甲烷对 S. berthaultii PI 473334 进行叶片冲洗，然后将其应用于马铃薯块茎和叶片圆盘上，会对科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫的取食产生驱避作用。当叶片冲洗液被分离成非挥发性和挥发性成分，并应用于块茎圆盘时，非挥发性成分具有高度驱避作用，而挥发性成分虽然减少了取食，但与对照组相比并不显著。己烷叶片冲洗液对取食没有驱避作用，而丙酮冲洗液应用于叶片圆盘时，其驱避作用约为二氯甲烷冲洗液的两倍。三次生物测定指导的、反相开管柱分离丙酮叶片冲洗液，得到了一个相对极性的低驱避活性部分，以及两个具有更高比活度的非极性部分。对这些部分进行反相制备 HPLC，在 10 个测定的部分中得到了 7 个活性部分。随后的分析 HPLC 表明，两个部分各含有一种单一的紫外吸收化合物，而另一个部分则代表至少四种化合物的混合物。其余部分由复杂的混合物组成，可能是离子或聚合物化合物，用 HPLC 很难分离。