Department of Orthodontics, Toulouse Dental Faculty, Paul Sabatier University, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, (3 chemin des maraîchers), Toulouse Cedex 04 31062, France.
J Physiol Anthropol. 2013 Nov 19;32(1):22. doi: 10.1186/1880-6805-32-22.
The causes of dental crowding are not fully understood, but it may result from an evolutionary trend towards reduced facial volume, without a proportional reduction in tooth sizes. Most previous studies conducted among modern humans have revealed a very low or non-existent correlation between tooth size and jaw size. Cross-comparison between dental age and facial skeletal age could help to provide better knowledge of the dynamic process of dental crowding. The primary objective of this research was to study the synchronism of dental maturation and skeletal facial growth in a sample of modern children living in France. The secondary objective was to assess the link between dentofacial asynchronism and dental crowding.
The random sample comprised 28 subjects (16 girls, 12 boys). Mean chronological age was 13.5 years (± 2.1; range 9.2-17.6). Mean dental age was 14.2 years (± 2.8; range 7.5-17) and mean facial skeletal age was 12.8 years (± 2.6, range 7-22). In the estimations of dental age and facial skeletal age, there was no evidence of systematic bias. There were 10 subjects (9 girls, 1 boy) with asynchronous dentofacial development. Finally, there were 13 subjects (8 girls, 5 boys) with dental crowding. A significant association was found between delayed facial skeletal growth/advanced dental maturation and dental crowding (P = 0.01).
Dental maturation and facial growth are not necessarily synchronous. Further understanding of the interactions between dental maturation and facial growth could have crucial implications in biological anthropology, as well as for the clinical practice of orthodontists. From an anthropological perspective, this study suggests that asynchronous dentofacial development could, at least partially, explain the frequency of dental crowding in modern populations.
牙齿拥挤的原因尚未完全明了，但可能是由于面部体积减小而牙齿大小没有相应减小的进化趋势所致。大多数针对现代人进行的既往研究显示，牙齿大小与颌骨大小之间的相关性非常低或不存在。牙龄与颌骨发育龄的交叉比较有助于更好地了解牙齿拥挤的动态过程。本研究的主要目的是研究生活在法国的现代儿童样本中牙齿成熟与颌面部骨骼生长之间的同步性。次要目的是评估牙颌发育不同步与牙齿拥挤之间的关系。
随机样本包括 28 名受试者（16 名女孩，12 名男孩）。平均年龄为 13.5 岁（±2.1；范围 9.2-17.6）。平均牙龄为 14.2 岁（±2.8；范围 7.5-17），平均颌骨发育龄为 12.8 岁（±2.6，范围 7-22）。在牙龄和颌骨发育龄的估计中，没有系统偏差的证据。有 10 名受试者（9 名女孩，1 名男孩）牙颌发育不同步。最后，有 13 名受试者（8 名女孩，5 名男孩）有牙齿拥挤。发现颌骨发育延迟/牙齿成熟提前与牙齿拥挤之间存在显著相关性（P=0.01）。
牙齿成熟和颌骨生长不一定同步。进一步了解牙齿成熟与颌骨生长之间的相互作用，对生物人类学以及正畸医生的临床实践具有重要意义。从人类学的角度来看，本研究表明牙颌发育不同步至少可以部分解释现代人群中牙齿拥挤的频率。
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