Wyoming Water Research Center, University of Wyoming, University Station, P.O. Box 3067, 82071, Laramie, WY, USA.
Environ Monit Assess. 1985 Mar;5(1):55-99. doi: 10.1007/BF00396394.
Available literature on use of field enclosures in freshwater and marine systems is reviewed to assess how accurately enclosures mimic ecological conditions and process rates occurring in adjacent open habitat. Among- and within-replicate variability of ecological parameters in field enclosures is compared to those in laboratory microcosms and open field habitat respectively. Results concerning the potential ecological effects and fate of pollutants indicate that perturbation studies using field enclosures can provide defensible data at the population and community levels over time periods of several months and spatial scales of tens of meters. The degree of ecological realism that can be achieved, however, is variable. Chronic effects of some pollutants may be difficult to separate from nonspecific effects due to enclosure. Determination of cause/effect pathways for observed toxicant impacts generally will require supplemental laboratory studies.
本文回顾了有关淡水和海洋系统中使用野外围隔的现有文献，以评估围隔在多大程度上准确模拟了相邻开阔生境中的生态条件和过程速率。野外围隔中生态参数的组内和组间变异性分别与实验室微宇宙和开阔野外生境中的变异性进行了比较。关于污染物潜在生态效应和归宿的结果表明，使用野外围隔进行的扰动研究可以在数月的时间内和数十米的空间尺度上，为种群和群落水平提供合理的数据。然而，所实现的生态逼真度程度是可变的。由于围隔，一些污染物的慢性效应可能难以与非特异性效应区分开来。对于观察到的毒物影响的因果途径的确定，通常需要补充实验室研究。
