Frings Christian, Schneider Katja Kerstin, Moeller Birte
Cognitive Psychology, University of Trier, 54296, Trier, Germany,
Psychol Res. 2014;78(3):411-22. doi: 10.1007/s00426-013-0527-3. Epub 2013 Nov 21.
In this review, we analyze the cognitive processes contributing to selection in audition. In particular, we focus on the processing of auditory distractors in sequential selection paradigms in which target stimuli are accompanied by distractors. We review the evidence from two established tasks, namely the auditory negative priming and the auditory distractor-response binding task, and discuss the cognitive mechanisms contributing to the results typically observed in these tasks. In fact, several processes have been suggested as to explain how distractors are processed and handled in audition; that is, auditory distractors can be inhibited, encoded with a do-not-respond-tag, integrated into a stimulus-response episode containing the response to the target, or upheld in working memory and matched/mismatched with the following distractor. In addition, variables possibly modulating these cognitive processes are discussed. Finally, auditory distractor processing is compared with distractor processing in vision.
在本综述中，我们分析了有助于听觉选择的认知过程。特别地，我们聚焦于序列选择范式中听觉干扰物的处理，在该范式中目标刺激伴有干扰物。我们回顾了来自两项既定任务的证据，即听觉负启动和听觉干扰物 - 反应绑定任务，并讨论了促成这些任务中通常观察到的结果的认知机制。事实上，已经提出了几种过程来解释在听觉中干扰物是如何被处理和应对的；也就是说，听觉干扰物可以被抑制、用不反应标签编码、整合到包含对目标的反应的刺激 - 反应事件中，或者在工作记忆中维持并与随后的干扰物进行匹配/不匹配。此外，还讨论了可能调节这些认知过程的变量。最后，将听觉干扰物处理与视觉中的干扰物处理进行了比较。
