Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, Box 1106, 06504, New Haven, Connecticut.
J Chem Ecol. 1991 Apr;17(4):767-77. doi: 10.1007/BF00994199.
We tested whether predator odors could reduce winter browsing of woody plants by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Urine from bobcats (Lyra rufus) and coyotes (Canis latrans) significantly reduced browsing of Japanese yews (Taxus cuspidata), and repellency was enhanced when urine was reapplied weekly as a topical spray. Urine of cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) and humans did not reduce damage, suggesting that deer do not respond aversively to odors of nonpredatory mammals or occasional predators with which they lack a long evolutionary association. Bobcat and coyote urine were more effective in tests conducted with eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), which is less palatable to white-tailed deer than Japanese yew. A dichloromethane extract of bobcat urine was as effective as unextracted urine in reducing damage to hemlocks. Testing of the organic components of bobcat urine, particularly the volatile components, may enable identification of the compounds responsible for the repellency we observed.
我们测试了捕食者的气味是否可以减少白尾鹿（Odocoileus virginianus）对木本植物的冬季啃食。来自山猫（Lyra rufus）和郊狼（Canis latrans）的尿液显著减少了对日本紫杉（Taxus cuspidata）的啃食，并且当每周作为局部喷雾重新施用尿液时，驱避性得到增强。棉尾兔（Sylvilagus floridanus）和人类的尿液不会减少损害，这表明鹿不会对非捕食性哺乳动物的气味或它们缺乏长期进化关联的偶尔捕食者产生厌恶反应。山猫和郊狼的尿液在对东部铁杉（Tsuga canadensis）的测试中更有效，铁杉对白尾鹿的适口性不如日本紫杉。山猫尿液的二氯甲烷提取物在减少对铁杉的损害方面与未提取的尿液一样有效。对山猫尿液的有机成分，特别是挥发性成分的测试，可能能够确定导致我们观察到的驱避性的化合物。
Zotero 插件