Avilés Izquierdo J A, Cano Martínez N, Lázaro Ochaita P
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España.
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España.
Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2014 Jan-Feb;105(1):69-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2013.09.005. Epub 2013 Oct 23.
Lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease with a wide clinical spectrum and variable clinical course. Few studies have analyzed the characteristics of patients with only cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and immunological characteristics of a series of patients diagnosed with CLE.
An analysis was performed of the data from all patients over 18 years of age with a diagnosis of CLE and seen between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2011 in a tertiary hospital.
One hundred- one patients were included in the study. The mean age at diagnosis was 40 years and 84% were women. Subacute forms of presentation were observed in 94% of patients. The chronic discoid forms were localized to the head and neck in 79% of cases, whereas the subacute forms were on the trunk in 97% of cases. Patients with acute forms were positive for antinuclear, anti-DNA, anti-smooth muscle, and anti-RNP (ribonucleoprotein) antibodies, whereas anti-Ro and anti-La antibodies predominated in patients with subacute forms. Seventeen patients presented more than 1 subtype of CLE. Fifteen (88%) of these patients received immunosuppressor treatment versus 44 (52%) of the other 84 patients with only 1 subtype of CLE. Patients with distinct subtypes of CLE present different clinical and immunological characteristics. Oral immunosuppressants are often needed to control the disease in a large proportion of patients with different subtypes of CLE.
红斑狼疮是一种慢性自身免疫性炎症性疾病，临床谱广泛，临床病程多变。很少有研究分析仅患有皮肤型红斑狼疮（CLE）患者的特征。本研究的目的是描述一系列诊断为CLE患者的流行病学、临床和免疫学特征。
对2007年1月1日至2011年12月31日期间在一家三级医院就诊的所有18岁以上诊断为CLE的患者的数据进行分析。
本研究纳入了101例患者。诊断时的平均年龄为40岁，84%为女性。94%的患者表现为亚急性形式。慢性盘状形式在79%的病例中局限于头颈部，而亚急性形式在97%的病例中位于躯干。急性形式的患者抗核抗体、抗DNA抗体、抗平滑肌抗体和抗核糖核蛋白（RNP）抗体呈阳性，而抗Ro和抗La抗体在亚急性形式的患者中占主导。17例患者表现出不止1种CLE亚型。其中15例（88%）患者接受了免疫抑制剂治疗，而其他仅有一种CLE亚型的84例患者中有44例（52%）接受了免疫抑制剂治疗。不同亚型的CLE患者呈现出不同的临床和免疫学特征。在很大一部分不同亚型的CLE患者中，通常需要口服免疫抑制剂来控制疾病。
