C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines.
Rice (N Y). 2013 Oct 28;6(1):28. doi: 10.1186/1939-8433-6-28.
To boost food production for a rapidly growing global population, crop yields must significantly increase. One of the avenues being recently explored is the improvement of photosynthetic capacity by installing the C4 photosynthetic pathway into C3 crops like rice to drastically increase their yield. Crops with an enhanced photosynthetic mechanism would better utilize the solar radiation that can be translated into yield. This subsequently will help in producing more grain yield, reduce water loss and increase nitrogen use efficiency especially in hot and dry environments. This review provides a summary of the factors that need to be modified in rice so that the C4 pathway can be introduced successfully. It also discusses the differences between the C3 and C4 photosynthetic pathways in terms of anatomy, biochemistry and genetics.
为了满足全球人口的快速增长对粮食生产的需求，作物产量必须显著提高。最近正在探索的途径之一是通过将 C4 光合作用途径安装到水稻等 C3 作物中，来提高光合作用能力，从而大幅提高其产量。具有增强光合作用机制的作物将更好地利用可以转化为产量的太阳辐射。这将有助于生产更多的谷物产量，减少水分流失，并提高氮素利用效率，特别是在炎热和干燥的环境中。本综述提供了在水稻中需要修改的因素的摘要，以便成功引入 C4 途径。它还讨论了 C3 和 C4 光合作用途径在解剖学、生物化学和遗传学方面的差异。
