Thompson Kate M, Hamm Jeff P, Taylor Tracy L
Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada,
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2014 Feb;76(2):322-34. doi: 10.3758/s13414-013-0584-0.
In the item-method directed-forgetting paradigm, the magnitude of inhibition of return (IOR) is larger after an instruction to forget (F) than after an instruction to remember (R). In the present experiments, we further investigated this increased magnitude of IOR after F as compared to R memory instructions (dubbed the F > R IOR difference), in order to understand both the consequences for information processing and the purpose of the differential withdrawal of attention that results in this difference. Words were presented in one of four peripheral locations, followed by either an F or an R memory instruction. Then, a target appeared in either the same location as the previous word or one of the other locations. The results showed that the F > R IOR difference cannot be explained by attentional momentum (Exp. 1), that the spatial compatibility of the response options with target locations is not necessary for the F > R IOR difference to emerge (Exp. 2), and that the F > R IOR difference is location-specific rather than response-specific (Exp. 3). These results are consistent with the view that F > R IOR represents a bias against responding to information emanating from an unreliable source (Taylor & Fawcett, 2011).
在项目法指向性遗忘范式中，遗忘指令（F）后的返回抑制（IOR）幅度大于记忆指令（R）后的返回抑制幅度。在本实验中，我们进一步研究了与R记忆指令相比，F指令后IOR幅度的增加情况（称为F > R IOR差异），以便了解信息处理的后果以及导致这种差异的注意力差异撤回的目的。单词在四个外周位置之一呈现，随后是F或R记忆指令。然后，目标出现在与前一个单词相同的位置或其他位置之一。结果表明，F > R IOR差异不能用注意动量来解释（实验1），反应选项与目标位置的空间兼容性对于F > R IOR差异的出现不是必需的（实验2），并且F > R IOR差异是位置特异性的而非反应特异性的（实验3）。这些结果与F > R IOR代表对来自不可靠来源的信息做出反应的偏差这一观点一致（泰勒和福西特，2011）。
