ECT Oekotoxikologie, Flörsheim, Germany; Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre BiK-F, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Department of Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2014 Mar;33(3):654-61. doi: 10.1002/etc.2479. Epub 2014 Jan 24.
The authors investigated whether and how 2 environmental factors could influence the toxicity of a pyrethroid to 2 representatives of an important group of soil organisms. The impacts of different temperatures (20 °C and 26 °C) and soil moisture levels (30%, 50%, and 70% of water holding capacity) were investigated in combination with the insecticide λ-cyhalothrin on the reproduction success of Folsomia candida and Sinella curviseta in a full factorial design. Testing was based on the standard collembolan reproduction test (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, guideline 232) following an effect concentration design. The results showed an effect of environmental and chemical factors on the number of juveniles of these animals. Particularly in dry soil, the reproduction of both species was reduced, while higher soil moisture levels influenced the number of juveniles positively compared with the middle soil moisture level. In general, however, higher soil moisture led to increased sensitivity to λ-cyhalothrin. In both organisms, temperature affected the toxicity of the pesticide but in different directions: high temperature led to higher toxicity in F. candida but to lower toxicity in S. curviseta.
作者研究了两种环境因素是否以及如何影响一种拟除虫菊酯对两种重要土壤生物类群代表生物的毒性。采用完全因子设计，研究了不同温度（20°C 和 26°C）和土壤湿度水平（持水能力的 30%、50%和 70%）与杀虫剂 λ-氯氟氰菊酯联合作用对 Folsomia candida 和 Sinella curviseta 繁殖成功率的影响。测试是基于标准弹尾目繁殖测试（经济合作与发展组织，准则 232），采用效应浓度设计。结果表明，环境和化学因素对这些动物幼体数量有影响。特别是在干燥的土壤中，两种物种的繁殖都减少了，而与中等土壤湿度水平相比，较高的土壤湿度水平对幼体数量有积极影响。然而，一般来说，较高的土壤湿度会导致对 λ-氯氟氰菊酯的敏感性增加。在这两种生物中，温度都影响了杀虫剂的毒性，但方向不同：高温导致 F. candida 的毒性增加，但 S. curviseta 的毒性降低。
