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托马斯·特朗斯特罗姆的天才之举:有语言,无词语。

Tomas Tranströmer's stroke of genius: language but no words.

机构信息

The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust and Liverpool University, Lower Lane, Fazakerley, Liverpool, UK.

出版信息

Prog Brain Res. 2013;206:157-67. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63364-4.00026-0.

Abstract

In 1990, the widely acclaimed Swedish poet Tomas Tranströmer lost his speech and the ability to use his right hand as a result of a stroke. As if anticipating his own fate, in 1974, he referred in his longest poem Baltics the story of the Russian composer Vissarion Shebalin who suffered the same symptoms as Tranströmer following a brain bleed: "Then, cerebral hemorrhage: paralysis on the right side with aphasia." An amateur pianist himself, Tranströmer carried on playing left-handed piano pieces after the stroke. In spite of a severe nonfluent dysphasia with dysgraphia, Tranströmer kept producing a poetic language of the highest caliber in accordance with his 1979 no less prophetic verse "language but no words." And through music and poetry, overcame the great communication barriers imposed by a large dominant hemispheric stroke. A nonprolific writer before the stroke, after it Tranströmer became disproportionately brief compared to his prestroke production, confining most of his poetry to the agrammatical and telegraphic haiku style.

摘要

1990 年,广受赞誉的瑞典诗人托马斯·特朗斯特罗姆因中风而丧失了语言能力和右手的活动能力。似乎是在预言自己的命运,1974 年,他在自己最长的诗作《波罗的海》中提到了俄罗斯作曲家瓦西里·谢巴林的故事,后者在脑出血后出现了与特朗斯特罗姆相同的症状:“随后,大脑出血:右侧瘫痪,伴有失语症。”作为一名业余钢琴家,特朗斯特罗姆在中风后继续用左手弹奏钢琴作品。尽管患有严重的非流利性失语伴失写症,特朗斯特罗姆仍按照他 1979 年更具预言性的诗句“语言,但无词语”,继续创作最高水准的诗意语言。通过音乐和诗歌,他克服了由大面积优势半球中风带来的巨大交流障碍。中风前,他的创作并不多,中风后,他的作品与中风前相比变得非常简短,大部分诗歌都采用了无语法和电报式的俳句风格。

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