Yoshimine Toshiki, Yanagisawa Takufumi, Sawada Jin-Ichi, Hazama Takanori, Mochizuki Hideki, Hirata Masayuki
Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Medical School.
Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 2013;53(11):1405-7. doi: 10.5692/clinicalneurol.53.1405.
By progression of the disease, motor neurons degenerate in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) eventually lose nearly all voluntary muscles in the body. They are awake and aware but cannot move or communicate (locked-in state). Since the function of the brain is preserved, one possible measure to support their communication is to interpret their motor intention by decoding (deciphering) brain signals and present it with external devices. This technology called "brain-machine interface (BMI)" is now close to clinical use in Japan and USA.In our system, we record electrocorticogram (ECoG) obtained with subudural electrodes during their motor imagery, decode it and determine the movement they intended. So far, one patient of ALS with severe paralysis, implanted with this electrodes, successfully operated the PC communication tool only by thinking.
随着疾病进展，肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）患者的运动神经元会逐渐退化，最终身体几乎所有的随意肌都会丧失。患者意识清醒，但无法移动或交流（闭锁状态）。由于大脑功能得以保留，一种支持他们交流的可能措施是通过解码脑信号来解读其运动意图，并通过外部设备呈现出来。这项被称为“脑机接口（BMI）”的技术目前在日本和美国已接近临床应用阶段。在我们的系统中，我们在患者进行运动想象时记录通过硬膜下电极获得的皮质脑电图（ECoG），对其进行解码并确定他们想要做出的动作。到目前为止，一名植入了这种电极的严重瘫痪的ALS患者仅通过思考就成功操作了电脑通信工具。
