Ohara Yuki, Hirano Hirohiko, Yoshida Hideyo, Obuchi Shuichi, Ihara Kazushige, Fujiwara Yoshinori, Mataki Shiro
Section of Behavioral Dentistry, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyoku, Tokyo, Japan.
Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
Gerodontology. 2016 Mar;33(1):20-7. doi: 10.1111/ger.12101. Epub 2013 Dec 4.
This study investigated the prevalence and factors associated with xerostomia and hyposalivation among community-dwelling older people.
Xerostomia and hyposalivation are common symptoms in the older population.
This study included with 894 community-dwelling, Japanese older people (355 men, 539 women; age 65-84 years) who participated in a comprehensive geriatric health examination, which included questionnaires and interviews regarding medical history, medications, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC), depressive condition. The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) was used to evaluate depression. Resting salivary flow rate was evaluated by the modified cotton roll method.
In this study, 34.8% of the participants (mean age, 73.5 ± 5.0 years) complained about xerostomia, while the prevalence of hyposalivation was 11.5%. Multiple regression analysis revealed hypnotics use [odds ratio (OR) = 1.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.13-2.61], SDS (OR = 1.05, CI = 1.04-1.07) and TMIG-IC total points (OR = 0.87, CI = 0.76-0.99) to be significantly associated with xerostomia. In contrast, female gender (OR = 2.59, CI = 1.55-4.31) and the use of agents affecting digestive organs (OR = 1.78, CI = 1.11-2.86) were associated with hyposalivation.
Our findings showed that the prevalence of xerostomia and hyposalivation were approximately 1 in 3 and 1 in 10 respectively. The factors associated with psychological factors and high-level functional competence, while hyposalivation was associated with medications and gender, as well as systemic and/or metabolic differences. It is important to consider these multidimensional factors associated with xerostomia and hyposalivation.
本研究调查了社区居住老年人中口干症和唾液分泌减少的患病率及其相关因素。
口干症和唾液分泌减少是老年人群中的常见症状。
本研究纳入了894名居住在社区的日本老年人（355名男性，539名女性；年龄65 - 84岁），他们参加了一次全面的老年健康检查，其中包括关于病史、用药情况、东京都老人综合研究所能力指数（TMIG - IC）、抑郁状况的问卷调查和访谈。使用zung自评抑郁量表（SDS）评估抑郁情况。通过改良棉卷法评估静息唾液流速。
在本研究中，34.8%的参与者（平均年龄73.5±5.0岁）抱怨有口干症，而唾液分泌减少的患病率为11.5%。多元回归分析显示，使用催眠药[比值比（OR）=1.71，95%置信区间（CI）=1.13 - 2.61]、SDS（OR = 1.05，CI = 1.04 - 1.07）和TMIG - IC总分（OR = 0.87，CI = 0.76 - 0.99）与口干症显著相关。相比之下，女性（OR = 2.59，CI = 1.55 - 4.31）和使用影响消化器官的药物（OR = 1.78，CI = 1.11 - 2.86）与唾液分泌减少有关。
我们的研究结果表明，口干症和唾液分泌减少的患病率分别约为三分之一和十分之一。口干症与心理因素和高水平功能能力相关，而唾液分泌减少与药物、性别以及全身和/或代谢差异有关。考虑这些与口干症和唾液分泌减少相关的多维度因素很重要。
