Fachbereich Chemie (Biochemie) der Philipps-Universität, Lahnberge, D-3550, Marburg, Germany.
Planta. 1980 Jul;149(2):130-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00380873.
Enzymes of starch synthesis and degradation were identified in crude extracts of the unicellular green alga Dunaliella marina (Volvocales). By polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and specific staining for enzyme activities, 4 multiple forms of starch synthase, 2 amylases, and at least 2 forms of α-glucan phosphorylase were visible. Using specific α-glucans incorporated into the gel before electrophoresis we have tentatively correlated α-amylase and β-amylase with both hydrolytic activities. The activities of α-glucan phosphorylase and amylase(s) were measured quantitatively in crude extracts, and the concomitant action of α-glucan phosphorylase and amylase(s) was found to account for the fastest rate of starch mobilization observed in vivo. Isolated chloroplasts retained both typical plastid marker enzymes and ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase, starch synthase, amylase(s), and α-glucan phosphorylase to a similar percentage. Gel electrophoretic analysis followed by staining for enzyme activity of a stromal fraction resulted in a pattern of multiple forms of starch-metabolizing enzymes analogous to that found in a crude extract. We interpret the combined data as indicating the exclusive location in vivo of starch-metabolizing enzymes in chloroplasts of D. marina.
在单细胞绿藻杜氏盐藻（绿藻门）的粗提物中鉴定出淀粉合成和降解的酶。通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和酶活性的特异性染色，可见到 4 种多形式的淀粉合酶、2 种淀粉酶和至少 2 种形式的α-葡聚糖磷酸化酶。在电泳前将特定的α-葡聚糖掺入凝胶中，我们初步将α-淀粉酶和β-淀粉酶与水解活性相关联。在粗提物中定量测定了α-葡聚糖磷酸化酶和淀粉酶的活性，并且发现α-葡聚糖磷酸化酶和淀粉酶（s）的同时作用解释了在体内观察到的最快淀粉动员速度。分离的叶绿体保留了典型的质体标记酶以及 ADP-葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶、淀粉合酶、淀粉酶（s）和α-葡聚糖磷酸化酶，其比例相似。随后对基质部分进行凝胶电泳分析和酶活性染色，得到的淀粉代谢酶的多形式图谱类似于粗提物中的图谱。我们将综合数据解释为表明淀粉代谢酶在杜氏盐藻的叶绿体中具有独特的体内定位。
